Tornadoes · United States · Colorado · 1994

F0 tornado, Kit Carson County, Colorado, June 8, 1994

This F0 tornado ran 0.1 miles across Kit Carson County on June 8, 1994, touching down at 10:20 PM MDT and reaching 20 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. F040 to 72 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. F173 to 112 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. F2113 to 157 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. F3158 to 206 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. F4207 to 260 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. F5261 to 318 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
F0
Date
June 8, 1994
Touchdown
10:20 PM MDT (04:20 UTC)
Path length
0.1 miles (0.2 km)
Path width
20 yards (18 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Kit Carson County
Touchdown point
39.470, -102.880
Record number
500

The warnings

38 minutes of warning. NWS GLD issued a tornado warning for this county at 03:42 UTC, 38 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 04:45 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
02:50 UTC03:45 UTCTornado WarningGLD
03:42 UTC04:45 UTCTornado WarningGLD

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a General Thunderstorms Risk. The outlook in force was issued at 06:20 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Denver, CO (KDEN), 00:00Z

4.3 hours before the tornado, 54 km from the path. June 9, 1994.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Denver, CO at 00:00Z on 1994-06-09Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1204 joules per kilogram, CIN -3, lifted condensation level 2277 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Denver, CO at 00:00Z on 1994-06-09The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 46 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 62 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1204 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-3 J/kg
Surface CAPE
1431 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2277 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
62 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
9 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
46 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
102 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.6
0-3 km lapse rate
9.1 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Denver, CO (KDEN), 12:00Z

7.7 hours after it, 54 km from the path. June 9, 1994.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Denver, CO at 12:00Z on 1994-06-09Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 0 joules per kilogram, CIN -72413, lifted condensation level 1865 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Denver, CO at 12:00Z on 1994-06-09The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -20 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 51 knots.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-72413 J/kg
Surface CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1865 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
51 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
10 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-20 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
295 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.0 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 1994 tornado in ColoradoEvery tornado in Colorado since 1950Warnings in force in Colorado nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of June 8, 1994

10 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
June 81:50 PM MDTF0Morrill, NE0.520
June 82:20 PM MDTF0Scotts Bluff, NE0.520
June 83:23 PM MDTF0Dawes, NE0.520
June 84:30 PM MDTF0Garden, NE0.823
June 85:10 PM MDTF0Deuel, NE0.820
June 86:39 PM MDTF0Yuma, CO2.0100
June 87:08 PM MDTF1Yuma, CO7.0200
June 89:36 PM CDTF1Rawlins, KS3.0200
June 810:10 PM CDTF0Rawlins, KS1.050
June 811:40 PM CDTF1Thomas, KS4.0300$5,000 to $50,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.