Tornadoes · United States · Alabama · 2021

EF1 tornado, Brantley to Brantley Muni Arpt, Alabama, March 18, 2021

From Brantley to Brantley Muni Arpt, this EF1 tornado ran 0.5 miles across Crenshaw County on March 18, 2021, touching down at 4:08 AM CDT and reaching 150 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mph

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mphthis tornado

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF1
Date
March 18, 2021
Touchdown
4:08 AM CDT (09:08 UTC)
Lifted
4:10 AM CDT (09:10 UTC)
On the ground
2 minutes
Path length
0.5 miles (0.8 km)
Path width
150 yards (137 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Crenshaw County
Touchdown point
31.592, -86.243
Lift-off point
31.599, -86.239
Record number
2103180308-01

The damage survey

14 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS MOB, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF1. The highest wind the damage implies is 94 mph.

  • Convergent path noted at area of snapped trees. Path width around 150 yards wide.
  • Uprooted oak trees, snapped pines at the trunk, collapse of roof of outbuilding.
  • Pine trees snapped with convergent pattern. Path width 50 yards.
  • Tree damage visible on high resolution satellite imagery at this location.

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

What the Weather Service recorded

A strong cold front moved through the southeast states, triggering a severe weather outbreak that produced several tornadoes along with numerous reports of large hail and damaging winds.

The tornado first touched down at the corner of Glenwood Road and Melvin Wallace Road where it snapped an area of trees. The tornado then continued northeast across Nelvin Wallace Road where to reached peak intensity snapping several pines, uprooting several oak trees and removing the roof of an out building. Eventually the tornado lifted just south of N Brunson Chapel Road but nor before snapping a few more pine trees.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

8 minutes of warning. NWS MOB issued a tornado warning for this county at 09:00 UTC, 8 minutes before the tornado touched down, in force until 09:30 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
23:50 UTC07:59 UTCTornado WatchMOB
02:55 UTC03:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningMOB
09:00 UTC09:30 UTCTornado WarningMOB

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The surface observations

Andalusia (79J), 35 km from the path, in the two hours either side.

Time (UTC)Temp (°F)Dew point (°F)WindGust (kt)Pressure (mb)Weather
07:27 UTC7469130° 11 kt221007.1TSRA
07:38 UTC7469160° 10 kt251007.8RA
08:12 UTC7469200° 10 kt231007.8-TSRA
08:53 UTC73.469.8210° 9 kt151007.1+TSRA
09:13 UTC7268220° 10 kt211007.1+TSRA BR
09:26 UTC7268210° 5 kt1007.5RA BR
09:56 UTC7267240° 9 kt151007.8
10:14 UTC7266240° 7 kt161007.5
10:44 UTC7165250° 12 kt171008.1
10:56 UTC7064260° 10 kt181008.5
11:05 UTC7064250° 7 kt1008.5

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of airport observations.

The radar

The Ft Rucker radar (KEOX), 76 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 09:07 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
09:08 UTCTORNADO1 Ne BrantleyCrenshaw, ALBARN DESTROYED.
09:08 UTCTORNADO1 Ne BrantleyCrenshaw, ALEF-1 TORNADO TOUCHED DOWN FROM .52 MILES 1 MILE NORTHEAST OF BRANTLEY ALABAMA. PATH WAS 150 YARDS WIDE AT ITS WIDEST AND DAMAGE OCCURRED ALONG NELVIN WALLACE RD.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2021 tornado in AlabamaEvery tornado in Alabama since 1950Warnings in force in Alabama nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of March 18, 2021

15 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
March 185:27 AM CDTEF1Houston, AL5.21501$200,000
March 185:49 AM CDTEF0Houston, AL2.150$4,000
March 186:02 AM CDTEF0Washington, FL1.625
March 186:02 AM CDTEF0Bay, FL3.9100$100,000
March 186:25 AM CDTEF1Bay, FL0.450$50,000
March 187:44 AM EDTEF0Early, GA3.150
March 188:40 AM EDTEF0Liberty, FL0.025
March 188:49 AM EDTEF1Terrell, GA4.0200$20,000
March 189:06 AM EDTEF1Lee, GA10.450$250,000
March 181:38 PM EDTEF0Pierce, GA0.15
March 182:46 PM EDTEF0Gilchrist, FL12.5100
March 185:01 PM EDTEF1Guilford, NC2.6500$500,000
March 185:38 PM EDTEF1Alamance, NC2.5200$1.0 million
March 186:04 PM EDTEF1Orange, NC4.3200$150,000
March 189:27 PM EDTEF0Isle of Wight, VA4.2150$100,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.