EF0 tornado, Vaiden, Alabama, December 1, 2018

1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

   Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

2. EF186 to 110 mph

   Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

3. EF2111 to 135 mph

   Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

4. EF3136 to 165 mph

   Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

5. EF4166 to 200 mph

   Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

6. EF5over 200 mph

   Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

7. Unrated

   The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

Rating

EF0

Date

December 1, 2018

Touchdown

2:34 PM CST (20:34 UTC)

Lifted

2:36 PM CST (20:36 UTC)

On the ground

2 minutes

Path length

0.3 miles (0.5 km)

Path width

75 yards (69 m)

Deaths

0

Injuries

0

County

Perry County

Touchdown point

32.529, -87.364

Lift-off point

32.529, -87.359

Record number

1812011434-01

5 damage points were recorded along this path by NWS BMX, in the Damage Assessment Toolkit the survey teams carry. The strongest indicator was rated EF0. The highest wind the damage implies is 61 mph.

• Minor damage to roof and siding on mobile home.
• A few trees snapped off at the end of the field, apparent end point, as no other tree damage noted beyond this point.
• A few trees down on the west side of Highway 5. Damage to a very old barn. Apparent start point.
• 2 Large trees down facing NE and a couple smaller trees snapped, trampoline in tree. Minor roof damage to mobile homes nearby

Survey points are preliminary and are the raw material the published rating was built from. Source: NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit.

Isolated thunderstorms developed during the heating of the afternoon along a low level boundary in a highly sheared environment.

National Weather Service meteorologists surveyed damage in southern Perry County and determined that it was consistent with an EF0 tornado, with maximum sustained winds near 65 mph. The tornado touched down near Alabama Highway 5 northeast of Vaiden Field Airport in Perry County. The tornado proceeded east northeast onto a property where minor structural damage and tree damage was observed. Two large hollowed out trees were snapped at the base along with several small to medium sized trees, either snapped or uprooted throughout the damage path. Two mobile homes on the property sustained minor roof damage, as well as damage to siding and vehicles parked nearby. Debris from the property was lofted into the nearby wooded area including roofing material and a trampoline where more tree damage and snapped tree branches were observed. No additional damage was observed beyond the endpoint on the eastern portion of the property.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.05 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 19:58 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

The Birmingham radar (KBMX), 90 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 20:33 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

The live radar over the trackEvery 2018 tornado in AlabamaEvery tornado in Alabama since 1950Warnings in force in Alabama nowThe forecast where you are

39 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.