Severe Storms, Tornadoes
One of the severe storm disasters on NOAA’s billion-dollar list: $1.5 billion in losses at 2024 prices ($645 million at the time).
What the offices filed during it
The 47 most significant severe storm episodes filed in these dates, colored by kind.
- Tornadoes
- Tropical storms and surge
- Floods
- Wind
- Hail
- Winter weather
- Heat and drought
- Cold
- Fire, smoke and dust
- Marine and coastal
- Other
The toll
- Losses, 2024 dollars
- $1.5 billion
- Losses at the time
- $645 million
- Deaths
- 0
The losses and deaths are NCEI’s, counting everything the disaster did. The episodes below are only what the Weather Service filed in its Storm Events record, which counts damage differently and often not at all, so the two never add up and are shown apart.
By state, as filed
| State | Events | Deaths | Injuries | Damage filed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Illinois | 42 | 0 | 7 | $75 million |
| Georgia | 74 | 0 | 28 | $51 million |
| Michigan | 106 | 3 | 39 | $41 million |
| Kansas | 102 | 0 | 13 | $31 million |
| Indiana | 44 | 2 | 6 | $25 million |
| Ohio | 53 | 0 | 18 | $25 million |
| North Carolina | 20 | 0 | 37 | $11 million |
| Wisconsin | 25 | 1 | 5 | $7.5 million |
| Oklahoma | 23 | 0 | 0 | $5.3 million |
| Alabama | 37 | 5 | 42 | $2.8 million |
| South Carolina | 13 | 0 | 4 | $500,000 |
| Iowa | 9 | 0 | 1 | $500,000 |
| Texas | 20 | 0 | 0 | $25,000 |
| Idaho | 3 | 0 | 0 | $25,000 |
| Virginia | 3 | 0 | 0 | $25,000 |
| Tennessee | 25 | 0 | 0 | $250 |
| Mississippi | 22 | 0 | 2 | |
| New York | 14 | 0 | 0 | |
| Missouri | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| Louisiana | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| California | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
| Pennsylvania | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
| Nebraska | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Kentucky | 5 | 0 | 1 | |
| Arkansas | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Minnesota | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Episode by episode
- Tornado and Damaging Winds in Idaho, March 25, 1991
- Tornado in California, March 25, 1991
- Tornadoes and Damaging Wind in California, March 26, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Ohio, March 26, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Kansas, March 26, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Oklahoma, March 26, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Missouri, March 26, 1991
- Hail in Wisconsin, March 26, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Iowa, March 26, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Nebraska, March 26, 1991
- Hail in Pennsylvania, March 26, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Illinois, March 26, 1991
- Hail in Texas, March 26, 1991
- Hail in Michigan, March 26, 1991
- Tornado and Hail in Kansas, March 27, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Illinois, March 27, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Iowa, March 27, 1991
- Tornadoes in California, March 27, 1991
- Damaging Winds in Missouri, March 27, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Texas, March 27, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Indiana, March 27, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Michigan, March 27, 1991
- Damaging Winds in Oklahoma, March 27, 1991
- Damaging Wind in Arkansas, March 27, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Wisconsin, March 27, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Wind in Mississippi, March 27, 1991
- Tornado and Hail in Tennessee, March 27, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Kentucky, March 27, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Alabama, March 27, 1991
- Tornado and Hail in Ohio, March 27, 1991
- Damaging Wind in Georgia, March 27, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Pennsylvania, March 28, 1991
- Damaging Winds in Ohio, March 28, 1991
- Damaging Winds in New York, March 28, 1991
- Damaging Wind in Georgia, March 28, 1991
- Tornado and Hail in Mississippi, March 28, 1991
- Hail in Alabama, March 28, 1991
- Tornado and Hail in Texas, March 28, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Louisiana, March 28, 1991
- Hail and Damaging Winds in Mississippi, March 29, 1991
- Damaging Wind in Louisiana, March 29, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Alabama, March 29, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in Georgia, March 29, 1991
- Tornadoes and Hail in North Carolina, March 29, 1991
- Tornadoes and Damaging Winds in South Carolina, March 29, 1991
- Tornado and Damaging Winds in Virginia, March 29, 1991
- Damaging Wind in Minnesota, March 30, 1991
More
Every billion-dollar disasterEvery storm of 1991Tornadoes in 1991
Sources
NOAA NCEI, U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters (2025), https://doi.org/10.25921/stkw-7w73, and the Storm Events Database for the episodes.