NWS St. Louis, MO wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at Aug 8, 11:39 AM CST, 2 hours 39 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Aug 8, 11:39 AM CST, 2 hours 39 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion...Updated Aviation
National Weather Service Saint Louis MO
1239 PM CDT Sun Aug 8 2021
.SHORT TERM... (Through Late Monday Afternoon)
Issued at 310 AM CDT Sun Aug 8 2021
Key messages through Monday afternoon:
1) The potential for strong to severe thunderstorms remains elevated
across most of the area this afternoon and evening. Damaging wind
and large hail are the predominant threats, but flash flooding could
also be of concern.
2) Humidity will continue to build across the region Monday, which
could result in heat indices over 100F if lingering clouds and
convection do not hinder temperatures.
An upper-level trough, currently providing synoptic support to a
decaying MCS in eastern KS/western MO, will continue to propagate
east overnight and provide the focus for thunderstorms today. Latest
surface analysis shows a warm, humid airmass across most of the
Mississippi Valley, with sub-65F dewpoints at a premium. Southerly
low-level flow is beginning to strengthen in advance of the MCS and
amidst a tightening surface pressure gradient. Lingering clouds from
this morning's convection will work to restrict our high
temperatures today, despite stronger low-level winds, but we should
still reach the upper 80s/low-90s.
CAMs differ on the timing of CI and convective evolution, but it
appears that the majority of the storms should develop with the
passage of a vortmax through the CWA early this afternoon. There are
some indication of isolated CI ahead of the synoptic mid-level
forcing during the late morning, which may serve to destabilize the
cap in advance of the stronger storms. Most guidance continues to
produce elevated surface dewpoints and does not properly handle
diurnal mixing, but it is clear that more-than-sufficient SBCAPE
will be available to the forcing to produce scattered strong/severe
thunderstorms during the afternoon.
0-6km bulk shear appears slightly weaker among the current suite of
deterministic and HREF guidance, which could serve to limit
organized storm development and favor quick upscale growth. Mid-
level lapse rates of 6.5-7.0C/km, combined with the robust
updrafts expected from even a conservative CAPE estimate, could
pose an initial threat of both large hail and damaging wind.
However, with weak deep-layer shear, upscale growth should occur
quickly and the threat shifts more to damaging wind. This threat
extends across eastern MO and western IL, but the greatest concern
remains across central/northeast MO and west-central IL during
the afternoon and early evening.
As the initial synoptic forcing moves east and the base of the
shortwave crosses the CWA, the threat for severe storms should
transition to one for flash flooding. Guidance continues to
indicate that an outflow boundary will set up across part of the
area and provide the focus for training thunderstorms to cause
heavy rain for several hours. HREF probability-matched mean 3-hr
QPF highlight southeast MO for potentially 1"+/hr rain rates
Sunday evening through early Monday morning. However, there is
uncertainty as to where this boundary sets up, which could shift
this axis of heavy rain north or south accordingly. With IVT
values still expected to exceed the 90th climatological
percentile, aided by a 30- 35kt LLJ, plentiful moisture could
interact with this boundary and produce instances of flash
flooding for some across the area, with focus on southeast/south-
central MO.
The upper-level shortwave will begin to exit the area Monday
morning, pulling synoptic support for precipitation with it. Some
guidance is more sluggish in clearing the shortwave, and if
convective activity can sustain itself through the night along the
nose of the LLJ, it could help reinvigorate showers and storms
Monday. While bulk shear looks a bit more robust later Monday
morning across southwest/west-central IL, the quality of the airmass
is in question after the activity overnight. Given this, while an
isolated strong storm cannot be ruled out before the system exits
the CWA, most of the robust convection should be east of us.
Decreasing clouds from west to east will help central MO warm a
degree or two higher than eastern MO and western IL, but we should
still reach at least the upper 80s areawide. At this point, the
greatest chance for 100F+ heat indices rests in central/northeast
MO, where warmer temperatures and higher humidity will overlap.
MRB
.LONG TERM... (Monday Night through Saturday)
Issued at 310 AM CDT Sun Aug 8 2021
Key messages through the extended forecast period:
1) Elevated heat and humidity is possible through Thursday, with the
potential for dangerous heat indices across most of the area Tuesday.
2) Several rounds of energy, which should help spur daily threats
for thunderstorms, may eventually help push a weak cold front
through the area. This could bring a brief, but welcomed, respite
from heat concerns.
Upper-level ridging will build into the region Monday night, setting
up Tuesday to potentially be the warmest and most humid day of the
week. NAEFS and GEFS guidance point to 850mb temperatures near the
90th percentile, but surface humidity could help push heat indices
into the triple digits. However, Tuesday could also see convective
activity which would act against warmer temperatures. Deterministic
models are in agreement that a subtle shortwave will traverse the
northern portion of the area, which could spark thunderstorms.
Several sources of uncertainty remain, namely whether or not this
consensus of such a subtle feature is accurate and whether the
storms would occur after peak heating. With several consecutive
days featuring heat indices over 100F, a Heat Advisory is
certainly possible. However, my confidence regarding marginally-
high heat indices is low given the potential for convection to
restrict temperatures, as such no Heat Advisory was issued.
Several rounds of shortwave impulses traversing the base of a
longwave trough, modeled to set up across southern Canada, will help
to gradually push a boundary through the region later this week. As
such, the chance for precipitation remains non-zero during the
afternoon each day of the extended period as this energy interacts
with moisture on the warmer side of the boundary. WPC Cluster
Analysis depicts the uncertainty that exists with respect to the
upper-level flow pattern late this week. One cluster, which
represent nearly one-third of the members, has a more expansive
ridge across most of the CONUS, restricting cooler air to the north.
As of now, the forecast reflects a gradual but notable cooldown
compared to recent conditions.
MRB
&&
.AVIATION... (For the 18z TAFs through 18z Monday Afternoon)
Issued at 1224 PM CDT Sun Aug 8 2021
Thunderstorms are expected to develop across the region this
afternoon and will likely affect all of the terminals between
20-24Z with IFR visibilities in heavy rainfal, MVFR or IFR
ceilings, wind gusts to 35 knots or higher, and possibly some
hail. Thunderstorms will continue into the evening hours before
diminshing overnight with generally dry and VFR conditions expect
late tonight into Monday morning. Only exception will be at KUIN
where low ceilings are expected to linger.
Britt
&&
.LSX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
MO...None.
IL...None.
&&
WFO LSX