Hail and Damaging Wind in Minnesota, September 3, 2014

Name: Hail and Damaging Wind in Minnesota, September 3, 2014
Start: 2014-09-03T11:17
End: 2014-09-03T19:10
Location: Minnesota

September 3, 2014 · NWS MPX · 13 events in 6 counties and zones

Where it happened

Every event with a place to put it. Tap one for its entry below.

Tornadoes
Tropical storms and surge
Floods
Wind
Hail
Winter weather
Heat and drought
Cold
Fire, smoke and dust
Marine and coastal
Other

Open the live radar over this ground

The toll

Deaths: 0
Injuries: 0
Property damage: None recorded
Crop damage: None recorded
Events: 13

Deaths and injuries are direct and indirect together, as the offices filed them. Damage is property and crops in the dollars of the year, not adjusted for inflation, and only where an office estimated it.

What happened

The episode as NWS MPX wrote it up.

A few severe thunderstorms that moved across southern Minnesota during the morning of Wednesday, September 3rd, intensified across central Minnesota during the afternoon. A complex area of severe thunderstorms moved across central Minnesota during the afternoon, and into west central Wisconsin by the evening. It produced areas of large hail and damaging winds, including areas of very heavy rainfall. The largest hail stone was 2.5 in diameter and occurred near Onamia, and 11 miles south of Onamia along Highway 169.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the first event, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Twin Cities, MN wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at Sep 3, 5:04 AM CST, 6 hours 13 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Sep 3, 5:04 AM CST, 6 hours 13 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
604 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

.UPDATED FOR 12Z AVIATION DISCUSSION...
ISSUED AT 558 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

&&

.SHORT TERM...(TODAY AND TONIGHT)
ISSUED AT 351 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

SEVERE WEATHER IS EXPECTED TO DEVELOP LATER THIS AFTERNOON ALONG A
WARM FRONT THAT IS FORECAST TO LIFT NORTHWARD THROUGH THE CWA.
MUCAPE AND DEEP SHEAR PROFILES SUPPORT STORMS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING
LARGE HAIL...WITH LOW LEVEL HODOGRAPHS AND LCLS FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES IF CONVECTION MANAGES TO BECOME SURFACE BASED ALONG THE
WARM FRONT. THIS CONVECTION WILL EVENTUALLY GROW UPSCALE INTO AN MCS
AFTER SUNSET AND SLIDE EAST SOUTHEAST INTO CENTRAL WISCONSIN BY
THURSDAY MORNING ALONG THE NOSE OF THE LOW LEVEL JET...WHICH WILL
MARK THE TRANSITION FROM A SEVERE WEATHER TO A HEAVY RAIN/FLOODING
THREAT.

THE MAIN DRIVER BEHIND THE SEVERE THREAT TODAY IS TWO-FOLD.
FIRST...A POTENT SHORTWAVE WHICH AS OF THIS MORNING WAS LOCATED OVER
WASHINGTON STATE ON THE POLEWARD SIDE OF A 100KT UPPER LEVEL JET
WILL TRACK EASTWARD AND CROSS THE ROCKIES INTO MONTANA BY MIDDAY.
LOW LEVEL THETA_E ADVECTION WILL OVERSPREAD THE UPPER MIDWEST
AHEAD OF THIS WAVE...AND BOUNDARY LAYER DEWPOINTS NEAR 70 WILL
SURGE INTO SOUTHERN MN. HOWEVER...THE WARM AIR ADVECTION WILL ACT
TO CAP OFF THE CONVECTIVE POTENTIAL UNTIL A WEAK UPPER LEVEL WAVE
ARRIVES LATER THIS AFTERNOON. THIS WAVE IS THE SECOND INGREDIENT
NEEDED FOR SEVERE STORMS...AND ALTHOUGH SUBTLE...SHOULD BE ENOUGH
TO DEVELOP AT LEAST ELEVATED CONVECTION ON THE PERIPHERY OF THE
CAP. BASED ON THE BUFR SOUNDINGS OFF BOTH THE NAM AND GFS...THIS
WILL BE MAINLY ALONG AND NORTH OF I-94. HERE...THE 800MB WARM LAYER
IS MORE SUBDUED WITH AMPLE DEEP LAYER SHEAR. AT KSTC FOR EXAMPLE...
0-3KM HODOGRAPHS SHOW 300-400 M2/S2 OF STORM RELATIVE HELICITY BY
22/23Z. THE 03.00 RUNS OF THE HIRES WRFARW...WFRNMM...AND EMCNMM
SUPPORT A MORE NORTHERN SOLUTION YET...WITH THE HIGHEST THREAT FOR
SEVERE WEATHER NORTH OF A LINE FROM FERGUS FALLS...TO LAKE MILLE
LACS...AND HAYWARD WI. AT THIS TIME...AM SLIGHTLY LEANING TOWARDS
THIS NORTHERN SOLUTION BECAUSE FEEL THAT DESPITE THE INCREASING
BOUNDARY LAYER MOISTURE TO THE SOUTH...THE WEAK SHORTWAVE WILL NOT
BE STRONG ENOUGH TO OVERCOME THE SBCIN STEMMING FROM THE COMBINATION
OF FILTERED SUNSHINE WITH THE STRENGTHENING CAP. THEREFORE STORMS
WILL REMAIN ELEVATED...WITH PERHAPS A HAIL THREAT...DRIFT NORTHEAST
OF THE FORECAST AREA WITH THE MEAN WIND...AND NOT REALIZE THE LOW
LEVEL WIND FIELDS. IF STORMS START TO MOVE RIGHT...BE ON THE
LOOKOUT FOR TORNADOGENESIS AS THIS IS EVIDENCE THAT THE STORM HAS
INDEED TAPPED INTO THE HELICAL FLOW OF THE BOUNDARY LAYER.

IN SUMMARY...THE STRENGTHENING CAP SHOULD KEEP CONVECTION AT BAY
ACROSS THE SOUTH TODAY...WHILE A WEAK SHORTWAVE MOVING UP FROM THE
SOUTHWEST WILL TRIGGER CONVECTION FARTHER NORTH. CONFIDENCE IS
WAVERING REGARDING THE EXACT LOCATION OF THE SEVERE WEATHER...AND
THIS MORNINGS ELEVATED CONVECTION MAY LIMIT THE NORTHWARD
PROPAGATION OF THE WARM FRONT TODAY...BUT FOR NOW FEEL THAT THE
NORTHERN HALF OF THE SPC DAY1 SEVERE OUTLOOK HAS A HIGHER RISK OF
SEVERE WEATHER THAN THE SOUTHERN HALF.

.LONG TERM...(THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY)
ISSUED AT 351 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD WILL BE
CONFINED TO PORTIONS OF WI WITH THE REMNANTS OF THE MCS PUSHING
THROUGH TONIGHT...AND ACROSS WEST CENTRAL MN WHERE ANOTHER WEAK
CLUSTER MAY BE PUSHING IN FROM OVERNIGHT DEVELOPMENT OVER THE
DAKOTAS. THAT WILL PROBABLY BE ABOUT IT FOR CONVECTION THURSDAY UNTIL
LATE AFTERNOON. A VERY WARM THERMAL RIDGE WILL BUILD NORTH INTO
ERN MN AND WRN WI AHEAD OF THE COLD FRONT AND WILL LEAD TO
BOUNDARY LAYER CAPPING ON THE ORDER OF 200-500 J/KG FOR MUCH OF
THE DAY. GIVEN THE POSITIVELY TILTED NATURE OF THE SYSTEM...
FORCING WITH THE FRONT AND MEAGER HEIGHT FALLS WILL VERY LIKELY
NOT BE ENOUGH TO GENERATE MUCH ALONG THE FRONT. REDUCED POPS
RATHER MARKEDLY INTO THE SCHC CATEGORY. DID NOT REMOVE THEM
COMPLETELY DUE TO HI RES MODELS STILL DEVELOPING WEAK ELEVATED
ECHOS OR ACCAS. THIS MAY JUST BE THE RESULT OF THE VERY UNSTABLE
AIRMASS MODELS GENERATE.

THE HIGH TEMPERATURE GRID WAS THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE THURSDAY. THE
FRONT WILL BE COMING THROUGH DURING THE LATE MORNING/EARLY
AFTERNOON WITH GOOD MIXING AND THE AFOREMENTIONED IMPRESSIVE
THERMAL RIDGE JUST AHEAD OF IT. MODELS ARE IN PRETTY GOOD
AGREEMENT WITH TIMING AND THE CHALLENGE STEMS MORE FROM HOW DEEP
THE MIXING WILL GET BEFORE THE FRONT PUSHES THROUGH. IT IS USUALLY
EASY TO MIX AT LEAST TO 925 MB WITH SOME SUN...IN WHICH CASE UPPER
80S WOULD BE ACHIEVED BY EARLY AFTERNOON. COULD SEE SOME 90S IN WI
WHERE THE LONGEST POTENTIAL FOR HEATING WILL RESIDE. OBVIOUSLY ANY
CHANGE IN TIMING THE FRONT OR CONSIDERABLE CLOUDINESS WOULD IMPACT
THESE HIGHS A BIT. IT IS SOMEWHAT INTERESTING TO NOTE THAT ALL
GLOBAL MODELS...INCLUDING THE GFS COLD BIAS...BRING 2M TEMPS INTO
THE UPPER 80S AT 18Z.

MUCH COOLER AIR WILL FOLLOW THE FRONT FOR THE REST OF THE WEEK.
DRY CONDITIONS ARE FORECAST THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT.

NEXT CHANCE FOR THUNDERSTORMS WILL ACCOMPANY A STRONG CYCLONE
TRAVERSING SOUTHERN CANADA EARLY NEXT WEEK. KEPT POPS IN THE CHC
CATEGORY...ALTHOUGH MODELS ARE IN PRETTY GOOD AGREEMENT FOR THIS
RANGE. IF THIS TREND CONTINUES...THE NEXT COUPLE SHIFTS MAY
CONSIDER ALLOWING LIKELY POPS.

&&

.AVIATION...(FOR THE 12Z TAFS THROUGH 12Z THURSDAY MORNING)
ISSUED AT 558 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

THUNDERSTORMS IN WESTERN MN SHOULD GRADUALLY WEAKEN TO SHOWERS AS
THEY SLOWLY DRIFT EASTWARD THIS MORNING. LATER THIS AFTERNOON
THUNDERSTORMS WILL DEVELOP NEAR KAXN/KSTC AND COULD PRODUCE SEVERE
WEATHER. THERE IS SOME INDICATION THE STORMS COULD BUILD SOUTHEAST
OVERNIGHT AND AFFECT KRNH/KMSP/KEAU. GUIDANCE CONTINUES TO SHOW
LOW CLOUDS LATE TONIGHT INTO THURSDAY MORNING...SO WILL CONTINUE
THIS TREND IN THE TAFS.

KMSP...
MORNING CONVECTION OUT WEST SHOULD TAPER OFF TO SHOWERS...SO HAVE
VFR PRECIP COMING IN BY MID MORNING. LATER THIS EVENING AND
OVERNIGHT IT APPEARS THAT THE MAJORITY OF THE PRECIP WILL BE NORTH
OF KMSP...SO HAVE NARROWED DOWN THE THUNDER WINDOW. WILL CONTINUE
TO MONITOR THE TRENDS.

/OUTLOOK FOR KMSP/
THU...MVFR/IFR CIGS/VSBYS POSSIBLE EARLY THEN SCT TSRA IN THE
AFTN. WINDS S 10-15 KTS BCMG W AT 10G20KTS.
FRI...VFR. WINDS NW 10G15 KTS.
SAT...VFR. WINDS W 05 KTS.

&&

.MPX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
MN...NONE.
WI...NONE.
&&

SHORT TERM...JRB
LONG TERM...BORGHOFF
AVIATION...JRB

Hazardous weather outlook, Sep 3, 2:52 AM CST, 8 hours 25 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
352 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

MNZ041>045-047>070-073>078-082>085-091>093-WIZ014>016-023>028-
040900-
DOUGLAS-TODD-MORRISON-MILLE LACS-KANABEC-STEVENS-POPE-STEARNS-
BENTON-SHERBURNE-ISANTI-CHISAGO-LAC QUI PARLE-SWIFT-CHIPPEWA-
KANDIYOHI-MEEKER-WRIGHT-HENNEPIN-ANOKA-RAMSEY-WASHINGTON-
YELLOW MEDICINE-RENVILLE-MCLEOD-SIBLEY-CARVER-SCOTT-DAKOTA-
REDWOOD-BROWN-NICOLLET-LE SUEUR-RICE-GOODHUE-WATONWAN-BLUE EARTH-
WASECA-STEELE-MARTIN-FARIBAULT-FREEBORN-POLK-BARRON-RUSK-
ST. CROIX-PIERCE-DUNN-PEPIN-EAU CLAIRE-
352 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL AND
SOUTHERN MINNESOTA... AND WEST CENTRAL WISCONSIN.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE TODAY...ESPECIALLY NORTH OF I-94. SOME
STORMS WILL BE STRONG TO SEVERE. THE MAIN THREAT IS LARGE
HAIL...BUT A FEW TORNADOES ARE POSSIBLE AS WELL AS HEAVY RAIN.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY

THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED AGAIN LATE THURSDAY IN EASTERN MN AND
WESTERN WI. SEVERE WEATHER IS POSSIBLE.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SKYWARN SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE NEEDED LATER THIS AFTERNOON.

JRB

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Sep 3, 9:54 AM CST, 1 hour 23 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
1054 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

MNZ059-031645-
WRIGHT-
1054 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

...THUNDERSTORMS MOVING OVER SOUTHERN WRIGHT COUNTY THROUGH
1145 AM CDT...

AT 1053 AM CDT...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG
THUNDERSTORM 14 MILES NORTHEAST OF HUTCHINSON...OR 16 MILES SOUTHWEST
OF MAPLE LAKE. THIS STORM WAS MOVING EAST AT 25 MPH.

HAIL UP TO NICKEL SIZE IS EXPECTED WITH THIS STORM.

* LOCATIONS IN OR NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...
  COKATO.
  SMITH LAKE.
  HOWARD LAKE.
  RASSAT.
  WAVERLY.
  MONTROSE.

LAT...LON 4519 9381 4498 9380 4497 9426 4516 9425
TIME...MOT...LOC 1554Z 268DEG 24KT 4507 9424

Local storm report, Sep 3, 10:10 AM CST, 1 hour 7 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
1110 AM CDT WED SEP 03 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0915 AM     HAIL             4 NNW STEWART           44.78N 94.52W
09/03/2014  E0.50 INCH       RENVILLE           MN   TRAINED SPOTTER

            ONE TO TWO INCHES DEEP PILES...STILL THERE AN HOUR LATER
            MINOR CROP DAMAGE NOTED IN NEARBY CORN FIELDS.

&&

CARLYON

Local storm report, Sep 3, 10:34 AM CST, 43 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
1134 AM CDT WED SEP 03 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0900 AM     HEAVY RAIN       HUTCHINSON              44.89N 94.37W
09/03/2014  E0.00 INCH       MCLEOD             MN   PUBLIC

            STREET FLOODING REPORTED VIA TWITTER PICTURE.

&&

CARLYON

Special weather statement, Sep 3, 10:54 AM CST, 23 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
1154 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

MNZ047-055-031730-
STEVENS-SWIFT-
1154 AM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

...THUNDERSTORMS MOVING INTO SOUTHERN STEVENS AND NORTHWEST SWIFT
COUNTIES THROUGH 1230 PM CDT...

AT 1151 AM CDT...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG
THUNDERSTORM 3 MILES NORTHWEST OF LAKE OLIVER. THIS STORM WAS MOVING
NORTHEAST AT 35 MPH.

HAIL UP TO NICKEL SIZE AND HEAVY DOWNPOURS ARE EXPECTED WITH THIS
STORM.

* LOCATIONS IN OR NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...
  LAKE OLIVER.
  HANCOCK.

LAT...LON 4564 9576 4558 9575 4542 9575 4529 9599
      4530 9613 4534 9614 4540 9612 4541 9615
      4543 9615
TIME...MOT...LOC 1654Z 237DEG 32KT 4538 9603

Local storm report, Sep 3, 11:03 AM CST, 14 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
1203 PM CDT WED SEP 03 2014

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1055 AM     HAIL             2 W COKATO              45.08N 94.23W
09/03/2014  M0.75 INCH       WRIGHT             MN   AMATEUR RADIO

&&

CARLYON

Special weather statement, Sep 3, 11:13 AM CST, 4 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TWIN CITIES/CHANHASSEN MN
1213 PM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

MNZ049>051-031800-
BENTON-SHERBURNE-STEARNS-
1213 PM CDT WED SEP 3 2014

...THUNDERSTORMS MOVING OVER BENTON...SHERBURNE AND
STEARNS COUNTIES THROUGH 100 PM CDT...

AT 1211 PM CDT...WEATHER SERVICE RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG
THUNDERSTORM 6 MILES SOUTH OF ST CLOUD...OR 9 MILES SOUTH OF SAUK
RAPIDS. THIS STORM WAS MOVING EAST AT 25 MPH.

HAIL UP TO DIME SIZE AND HEAVY DOWNPOURS ARE EXPECTED WITH THIS
STORM. RAINFALL RATES NEAR 2 INCHES PER HOUR WILL LEAD TO PONDING OF
WATER IN LOW LYING AND LOCATIONS WITH POOR DRAINAGE.

* LOCATIONS IN OR NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...
  ST AUGUSTA.
  DUELM.
  SANTIAGO.
  GLENDORADO.

LAT...LON 4546 9376 4541 9403 4543 9405 4540 9408
      4536 9426 4553 9434 4569 9376
TIME...MOT...LOC 1713Z 252DEG 24KT 4547 9417

The radar

The Minneapolis radar (KMPX), 168 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the first event began at 17:16 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment

Event by event

12 hail, 1 thunderstorm wind. Local standard time, as filed.

Hail, Pope

When: September 3, 11:17 AM CST
Where: Pope County, 0.93 mi SE of Glenwood
Measured: 1 in hail
Reported by: Trained Spotter
Coordinates: 45.641, -95.386

Hail, Stevens

When: September 3, 11:46 AM CST to 11:50 AM CST
Where: Stevens County, 4.17 mi N of Hancock
Measured: 1 in hail
Reported by: Public
Coordinates: 45.560, -95.790

Hail, Stevens

When: September 3, 12:01 PM CST
Where: Stevens County, 1.19 mi NE of Morris
Measured: 0.75 in hail
Reported by: Law Enforcement
Coordinates: 45.590, -95.910

Hail, Morrison

When: September 3, 1:55 PM CST to 2:00 PM CST
Where: Morrison County, 1.44 mi E of Swanville
Measured: 1 in hail
Reported by: Trained Spotter
Coordinates: 45.920, -94.620

Hail, Morrison

When: September 3, 2:30 PM CST
Where: Morrison County, 2 mi NW of Pierz
Measured: 1 in hail
Reported by: Law Enforcement
Coordinates: 46.000, -94.130

Hail, Morrison

When: September 3, 2:32 PM CST
Where: Morrison County, Pierz
Measured: 1 in hail
Reported by: Public
Coordinates: 45.980, -94.100

Hail, Mille Lacs

When: September 3, 3:03 PM CST
Where: Mille Lacs County, 0.9 mi SSE of Onamia
Measured: 2.5 in hail
Reported by: COOP Observer
Coordinates: 46.067, -93.666

Hail, Mille Lacs

When: September 3, 3:05 PM CST
Where: Mille Lacs County, 0.88 mi NW of Page
Measured: 2.5 in hail
Reported by: Law Enforcement
Coordinates: 45.908, -93.664

Hail, Mille Lacs

When: September 3, 3:10 PM CST
Where: Mille Lacs County, 3.74 mi SSE of Onamia
Measured: 1 in hail
Reported by: Public
Coordinates: 46.030, -93.640

Hail, Mille Lacs

When: September 3, 3:58 PM CST
Where: Mille Lacs County, 4.93 mi N of Page
Measured: 1.75 in hail
Reported by: Storm Chaser
Coordinates: 45.970, -93.670

Thunderstorm Wind, Kanabec

When: September 3, 4:35 PM CST
Where: Kanabec County, 0.48 mi E of Mora
Measured: 61 kt (70 mph) estimated gust
Reported by: Amateur Radio
Coordinates: 45.880, -93.290

Numerous trees and power lines were blown down in Mora.

Hail, Kanabec

When: September 3, 4:37 PM CST
Where: Kanabec County, 2.53 mi NW of Brunswick
Measured: 0.75 in hail
Reported by: Trained Spotter
Coordinates: 45.830, -93.310

Hail, Chisago

When: September 3, 7:10 PM CST
Where: Chisago County, 0.84 mi SW of Center City
Measured: 1.75 in hail
Reported by: Public
Coordinates: 45.390, -92.840

What these are

Hail: Hail three-quarters of an inch or larger, or smaller hail that caused damage, filed with the largest stone measured.
Thunderstorm Wind: Winds from a thunderstorm of 50 knots (58 mph) or more, or lower winds that caused damage or casualties. Measured gusts are marked MG, estimated EG.

After NWS Directive 10-1605, the rules offices file Storm Data by.

The same day elsewhere

Every storm in Minnesota in 2014 Every state in 2014 This day in weather history Warnings in Minnesota, September 2014

Sources

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database, compiled from the National Weather Service’s monthly Storm Data. Complete through 2026-06; NCEI adds each month about 75 days after it ends and revises past years a few times a year. Rebuilt 2026-09-24. Each event’s entry at NCEI: 532285, 532286, 532287, 532288, 532289, 532290, 543236, 532291, 532292, 532293, 532295, 532294, 532296.