NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at Mar 12, 3:46 PM EST, 9 hours 14 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Mar 12, 3:46 PM EST, 9 hours 14 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MOUNT HOLLY NJ
346 PM EST FRI MAR 12 2010
.SYNOPSIS...
AN AREA OF LOW PRESSURE NEAR THE TENNESSEE VALLEY WILL MEANDER
AROUND THROUGH TONIGHT BEFORE GRADUALLY MOVING EAST. MEANWHILE, A
SECONDARY LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM WILL CONTINUE TO ORGANIZE NEAR THE
CAROLINA COAST. THIS LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM WILL MOVE SLOWLY NORTH AND
REACH THE DELMARVA PENINSULA LATE ON SATURDAY BEFORE TRACKING
OFFSHORE SUNDAY AND MONDAY. A WEAK COLD FRONT SHOULD THEN SLIDE
THROUGH OUR REGION LATE TUESDAY BEFORE A HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEM BUILDS
TOWARD THE EAST COAST WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY. A FRONTAL BOUNDARY MAY
THEN ENTER OUR AREA FROM THE NORTH FRIDAY.
&&
.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM SATURDAY MORNING/...
A 19Z SURFACE ANALYSIS PLACED A STATIONARY FRONT IN THE SOUTHERN MID
ATLANTIC REGION. LOW PRESSURE WAS IN THE OHIO AND TENNESSEE VALLEYS
WITH A COLD FRONT SOUTHWARD INTO THE EASTERN GULF OF MEXICO. ANOTHER
LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM WAS NEAR THE SOUTH/NORTH CAROLINA BORDER. HIGH
PRESSURE WAS ANCHORED NEAR NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND. AN UPPER AIR
ANALYSIS PLACED A LARGE CLOSED LOW OVER THE CENTER OF THE U.S. WITH
SEVERAL STRONG SHORT WAVES ROTATING AROUND THIS. ONE OF THESE IS
FUELING A SURFACE LOW IN THE TENNESSEE VALLEY REGION, WITH ANOTHER
SPOKE OF ENERGY TENDING TO FUEL THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SURFACE LOW
NEAR THE CAROLINA COAST. ORGANIZED AREAS OF 850 MB WAA WAS ANALYZED
JUST OFF THE CAROLINA COAST BACK ACROSS FLORIDA, WITH A WEAKER AREA
AIMED TOWARD THE DELMARVA AREA. A STRONG CYCLONICALLY CURVED 300 MB
JET WAS LOCATED FROM THE CENTRAL PLAINS TO THE GULF OF MEXICO THEN
INTO THE CAROLINAS.
THE GRADUAL CONSOLIDATION OF THE SURFACE WELL TO OUR WEST AND SOUTH
WILL OCCUR THROUGH TONIGHT INTO SATURDAY. AS THIS OCCURS, THE WAA
PATTERN IS FORECAST TO INCREASE WITHIN AN INCREASING LOW-LEVEL JET.
THIS WILL COMBINE WITH STRENGTHENING ISENTROPIC LIFT OVER THE COOLER
SURFACE AIR TO ENHANCE THE LIFT AS WE GO THROUGH THE NIGHT. WHILE
THE RAIN MAY TEND TO LESSEN IN INTENSITY FOR A TIME THIS EVENING,
SOME HEAVIER ACTIVITY ARRIVES DURING THE OVERNIGHT AND TOWARD
DAYBREAK FROM SOUTH TO NORTH AS STRONGER FORCING BEGINS TO IMPINGE
ON THE CWA. THE TIGHTENING PRESSURE GRADIENT WILL INCREASE THE WINDS
AS WE GO THROUGH THE NIGHT, HOWEVER THERE ARE SOME CHALLENGES WITH
THE EXACT SPEEDS DUE TO THE NON-IDEAL VERTICAL MIXING OF THE
STRONGER WINDS DOWN TO THE SURFACE /SEE THE SHORT TERM BELOW
REGARDING MORE ON THIS/. OVERALL THOUGH, THE WIND ADVISORY WAS LEFT
IN PLACE, WHICH STARTS AT 06Z TONIGHT FOR THE EASTERN AND SOUTHERN
ZONES/. ELSEWHERE, THE WINDS WERE INCREASED SOME ESPECIALLY LATE.
THERE HAS BEEN POCKETS OF DENSE FOG ACROSS THE POCONOS, AND THIS
SHOULD CONTINUE FOR AWHILE TONIGHT UNTIL THE WIND INCREASES MORE.
SINCE THE DENSE FOG IS NOT EXPECTED TO BE WIDESPREAD, WE WILL HOLD
OFF ON AN ADVISORY. ELSEWHERE, SOME LIGHT FOG WILL BE AROUND BUT
WITH THE INCREASING WIND, THIS SHOULD NOT HAVE MUCH OF AN IMPACT
THEREFORE WILL NOT INCLUDE IN THE PUBLIC FORECAST ATTM.
AS FOR TEMPERATURES, WE GENERALLY TOOK AN EVENLY WEIGHTED BLEND OF
THE GFS/NAM MOS THEN ADJUSTED DOWN A LITTLE BIT TO ACCOUNT FOR THE
COOLER TEMPERATURES CURRENTLY OBSERVED. THE COOLER NAM MOS TENDED TO
WORK OUT BETTER TODAY AS THE ONSHORE FLOW HAS KEPT THE TEMPERATURES
FROM RISING MUCH FROM THIS MORNING FOR MOST LOCALES. OVERALL, THE
TEMPERATURES MAY HOLD STEADY STATE FOR AWHILE TONIGHT BUT COULD TEND
TO RISE SOME ACROSS THE FAR SOUTH ESPECIALLY AS THE WAA STRENGTHENS.
&&
.SHORT TERM /6 AM SATURDAY MORNING THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT/...
AN ACTIVE PERIOD IS STILL EXPECTED INTO SUNDAY MORNING AS A HEAVY
RAIN EVENT WILL LIKELY PEAK, THEN MUCH IMPROVED WEATHER CONDITIONS
AS WE GO THROUGH NEXT WEEK /ESPECIALLY TUESDAY ONWARD/. THE HEAVIEST
RAIN STILL LOOKS TO FALL DURING THE DAY SATURDAY. WE CONTINUE TO SEE
THE FLOOD POTENTIAL THIS WEEKEND, THEREFORE THE FLOOD WATCH WILL
REMAIN IN EFFECT. SEE THE HYDROLOGY SECTION BELOW /AND THE FLOOD
WATCH STATEMENT PRODUCT/ FOR SOME ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. AN
ABUNDANCE OF MOISTURE WILL BE DRAWN NORTHWARD INTO OUR AREA FROM THE
EXPANSIVE CIRCULATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE CLOSED LOW ACROSS THE
MISSISSIPPI/TENNESSEE VALLEY AREAS.
THE MOISTURE ADVECTION WILL BE ENHANCED BY A STRONG EAST TO
SOUTHEASTERLY LOW-LEVEL JET THAT WILL REACH FORECAST VALUES OF 70 TO
NEARLY 100 KNOTS ACROSS THE REGION ON SATURDAY. AS FOR FORCING, THE
RATHER ROBUST LOW TO MID LEVEL WIND FIELD WITHIN A WAA/MOISTURE
ADVECTION REGIME WILL ALLOW FOR STRONG VERTICAL VELOCITIES TO
OVERSPREAD THE ENTIRE AREA SATURDAY INTO SATURDAY NIGHT. THIS WILL
WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SURFACE LOW STRENGTHENING OVER THE MID
ATLANTIC REGION. AS HEIGHTS FALL AND THERE IS SOME DIFFLUENCE ALOFT,
THE VERTICAL VELOCITIES WILL RESPOND BY INCREASING. IN ADDITION, A
BELT OF STRONG FRONTOGENETIC FORCING IS FORECAST TO MOVE THROUGH AND
INTENSIFY FROM SOUTH TO NORTH ACROSS OUR CWA DURING SATURDAY AS
STRONG PVA ARRIVES IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE STRONGEST WIND FIELD,
WAA, MIDLEVEL TROWAL AND MIDLEVEL Q-VECTOR CONVERGENCE. THIS ALL
POINTS TO MODERATE TO HEAVY RAIN MARCHING ACROSS THE CWA. THE
FRONTOGENESIS FROM 850 MB TO 700 MB SUGGESTS THAT THERE MAY BE BANDS
OF HEAVIER RAIN ELEMENTS WITHIN A LARGER RAIN SHIELD. THIS IS WHERE
THE HIGHEST RAINFALL RATES WILL OCCUR. THE FORECAST SOUNDINGS
INDICATE THAT THE RAIN PRODUCTION PROCESS SHOULD BE RATHER EFFICIENT.
THE STRENGTHENING WIND FIELD WILL ALLOW FOR BREEZY TO RATHER WINDY
CONDITIONS TO OCCUR SATURDAY. THIS IS A CONCERN DUE TO THE POTENT
WIND FIELD THAT IS FORECAST TO OCCUR JUST ABOVE THE SURFACE. THE
FORECAST SOUNDINGS INDICATE THAT SOME OF THAT WIND WILL REACH THE
SURFACE, HOWEVER THE AMOUNT THAT DOES IS IN QUESTION. THERE WILL
BE A SURFACE HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEM OVER NORTHEASTERN NEW ENGLAND AND
THE CANADIAN MARITIMES TO ENHANCE THE SURFACE PRESSURE GRADIENT.
THIS INGREDIENT WAS MISSING DURING OUR LAST TWO WINTER STORMS WHEN
THE GUIDANCE FORECAST WIND SPEEDS WERE OVERDONE. THE THERMAL
PROFILES ARE FORECAST TO BE SATURATED AND RATHER STABLE GIVEN THE
PRECIPITATION ENHANCED LOW-LEVEL INVERSION. THIS INTRODUCES THE
CHALLENGE ON HOW MUCH WIND REACHES THE SURFACE. AN EXAMINATION OF
THE BUFKIT FORECAST SOUNDINGS INDICATES A TON OF WIND SATURDAY JUST
ABOVE THE SURFACE /WEAKENING SOME FROM SOUTH TO NORTH DURING THE
AFTERNOON AND EVENING/. WE THOUGHT ABOUT UPGRADING THE WIND ADVISORY
ALONG THE IMMEDIATE COAST TO A WARNING, HOWEVER OUR CONFIDENCE IS
NOT HIGH ENOUGH THAT WIDESPREAD WIND GUSTS WILL GET TO THOSE LEVELS.
FOR NOW, WE WILL MAINTAIN THE ADVISORY AS IS AND BUMP THE WIND
SPEEDS/GUSTS UP SOME HERE AND ACROSS THE ENTIRE CWA. OUR HIGHER
ELEVATIONS OF THE NORTHWESTERN ZONES MAY HAVE TO BE WATCHED AS THESE
LOCATIONS WILL BE MUCH CLOSER TO THE STRONGER WIND FIELD. HERE, WE
INCREASED THE WINDS AS WELL, ESPECIALLY OVER THE HIGHER TERRAIN.
AS THE STORM SYSTEM MOVES THROUGH THE MID ATLANTIC AND THE CLOSED
LOW ALSO ARRIVES, COOLING ALOFT WILL TEND TO ADD SOME POTENTIAL
INSTABILITY. HOWEVER, THE TRUE WARM SECTOR IS FORECAST TO BE WELL
OFFSHORE. SOME ISOLATED THUNDER COULD BE POSSIBLE SATURDAY MAINLY
ACROSS OUR FAR SOUTHERN ZONES, HOWEVER GIVEN THE LOWER
PROBABILITY/CONFIDENCE OF THUNDER ATTM, WE DECIDED TO NOT INCLUDE IT
FOR NOW. AS THE LARGE CLOSED LOW MOVES ACROSS OUR AREA DURING THE
WEEKEND, THE STRONGEST LIFT AND WIND FIELD IS PUSHED TO THE NORTH.
THIS WILL TAKE THE PLUME OF STRONG MOISTURE ADVECTION/LIFT AND SHOVE
IT NORTHWARD. HOWEVER, THERE LOOKS TO BE SOME COMMA HEAD RAIN
WRAPPING BACK AROUND OUR CWA SATURDAY NIGHT AND EVEN THROUGH SUNDAY.
OVERALL, THE TREND TOWARD LIGHTER RAINFALL IS ANTICIPATED THE SECOND
HALF OF SATURDAY NIGHT AND ESPECIALLY SUNDAY AS THE RAIN TRANSITIONS
TO SHOWERS. THE GFS APPEARS TO BE THE ONLY MODEL THAT MAKES IT COLD
ENOUGH FOR SOME SNOW SATURDAY NIGHT IN OUR FAR NORTHWESTERN ZONES.
ITS ENSEMBLE MEMBERS HOWEVER SEEM TO NOT SUPPORT THE COLDER 850 MB
TEMPERATURES AND THE NAM/WRF IS NOT AS COLD. AS A RESULT, NO MENTION
OF WINTRY PRECIPITATION WILL BE MENTIONED SATURDAY NIGHT FOR NOW BUT
THIS WILL BE MONITORED IN THE EVENT SOME ADDITIONAL COOLING CAN TAKE
PLACE FOR OUR HIGHER TERRAIN. SOME COLDER AIR DOES SEEP IN SUNDAY
NIGHT, THEREFORE PERHAPS SOME WET SNOW ACROSS THE FAR NORTHWEST ATTM
ALTHOUGH THE QPF BY THAT TIME IS EXPECTED TO BE MUCH LIGHTER.
AS FOR TEMPERATURES, THERE COULD BE CHALLENGES WITH THIS GIVEN THE
STRONG WAA THAT WILL BE AIMED INTO OUR AREA SATURDAY. MEANWHILE, A
SURFACE HIGH UP ACROSS NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND WILL TRY AND PUSH SOME
COOLER AIR INTO OUR REGION FOR A TIME. THE MOS GUIDANCE HAS TRENDED
AND REMAINED COOLER ACROSS A GOOD PART OF OUR CWA. WE GENERALLY TOOK
A BLEND OF THE GFS/NAM MOS AS A COMPROMISE FOR MOST LOCALES.
&&
.LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/...
AS THE STORM THAT BROUGHT OUR WEEKEND INCLEMENT WEATHER PULLS OFF TO
THE EAST, HIGH PRESSURE WILL FOLLOW AND BRING GENERALLY FAIR WEATHER
FOR MUCH OF THE WEEK. THERE COULD STILL BE A FEW LINGERING SHOWERS
THROUGH THE DAY MONDAY. AND SINCE SLIGHTLY COLDER AIR WILL BE FILTERING
INTO OUR NORTHERN AREAS, SOME SNOW SHOWERS COULD FALL THERE EARLY
MONDAY. BUT AS TEMPERATURES RISE DURING THE DAY, EVEN THERE, THEY
SHOULD CHANGE OVER TO ALL RAIN. BUT THESE SHOULD BE INSIGNIFICANT
WHEN COMPARED TO WHAT FELL OVER THE WEEKEND. DRIER AIR MOVES IN
MONDAY NIGHT AND THE WEATHER FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE WEEK IS FORECAST
TO BE FAIR AND MILD. HIGH TEMPERATURES MONDAY WILL BE IN THE MID 40S
TO MID 50S. FOR TUESDAY THROUGH FRIDAY, THE HIGHS WILL BE IN THE
UPPER 40S AND 50S. OVERNIGHT LOW THROUGH THIS PERIODS WILL BE IN THE
UPPER 20S AND 30S.
&&
.AVIATION /21Z FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION IS FOR KPHL, KPNE, KTTN, KABE, KRDG, KILG,
KMIV, KACY AND SURROUNDING AREAS.
CONDS AT THE TAF SITES HAVE IMPROVED SMWHT DURG THE DAY BUT REMAIN
IFR DUE TO CIGS. EXPECT CONDS...SPCLY VSBYS...TO DETERIORATE AFTER
DARK AND RAIN BECOMES MORE WIDESPRD AS THE STORM WINDS UP. CONDS
LIKELY TO BECOME LOW IFR LATER TONIGHT AS HEAVIER RAIN MOVES IN.
THIS WILL CONT THRU MOST OF THE DAY ON SAT. WINDS WILL CONTINUE TO
INCREASE FROM THE ENE AND WILL BE VERY GUSTY BY SAT MORNING. WIND
DIR IS NOT EXPECTED TO CHANGE MUCH THRU THE TAF PERIOD.
OUTLOOK...
WIDESPREAD IFR CONDITIONS UNTIL SUNDAY NIGHT WITH RAIN, LOW CLOUDS
AND FOG. VFR CONDITIONS BACK HOPEFULLY IN TIME FOR THE MON MORNING
RUSH.
&&
.MARINE...
LOW PRES DEVELOPING OFF THE CAROLINA COAST WILL INTENSIFY TONIGHT
AND SAT...AND THE PRESS GRADIENT BETWEEN THE LOW AND HIGH PRESS OVER
THE CANADIAN MARITIMES WILL RESULT IN INCREASING ENELY WINDS. WIND
GUSTS SHOULD REACH GALE FORCE BY LATE THIS EVENING AND CONTINUE
THROUGH THE DAY SAT. SOME GUSTS MAY APPROACH STORM FORCE ON SAT.
WINDS SHOULD DECREASE SAT NIGHT AND SUNDAY AS THE PRESS GRADIENT
MOVES N INTO NEW ENGLAND. HOWEVER...AT LEAST SCA WINDS SHOULD RETURN
FROM THE N SUN NIGHT AND MON AS THE LOW FINALLY PULLS OUT TO SEA.
THE STRONG ENE WINDS WILL PRODUCE SEAS UP TO 16 FT IN THE COASTAL
WATERS...AND ROUGH SEAS WILL CONTINUE THRU THE WEEKEND.
&&
.HYDROLOGY...
PREDICTED RAINFALL, THROUGH EARLY SUNDAY, REMAINS PRETTY MUCH THE
SAME. A WIDESPREAD 2 TO 4 INCHES LOOKS LIKELY ACROSS THE HSA,
ALTHOUGH LOCALLY HIGHER AMOUNTS REMAIN POSSIBLE. A FLOOD WATCH
REMAINS IN EFFECT.
WITH THESE NUMBERS, BOTH SMALLER STREAMS AND SOME LARGER RIVERS WILL
EXPERIENCE FLOODING THIS WEEKEND INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK. RIVERS LIKE
THE DELAWARE WILL NEED THE ADDITION OF SNOWMELT TO FLOOD, AND IN
THIS CASE, IT APPEARS A PORTION OF THE HEAVY RAIN WILL FALL ACROSS
THE HEADWATER SNOWPACK, WHICH IS THREE TIMES NORMAL FOR THIS TIME OF
YEAR.
SO IN VERY GENERAL TERMS, 1 TO 2 INCHES OF WIDESPREAD RAINFALL WILL
CAUSE MINOR FLOODING ACROSS THE SMALLER STREAMS, CREEKS AND RIVERS
ACROSS THE PASSAIC, RARITAN, AND DELAWARE BASINS, WITH LITTLE OR NO
FLOODING ALONG THE MAINSTEM RIVERS /LEHIGH, SCHUYLKILL, DELAWARE/.
2.0 TO 3.5 INCHES WOULD CAUSE MODERATE FLOODING ALONG THESE SAME
SMALLER CREEKS AND STREAMS, WITH SOME MINOR FLOODING POSSIBLE ALONG
THE MAINSTEM RIVERS, ESPECIALLY THE SCHUYLKILL.
3.5 TO 5.0 INCHES OF RAINFALL, BOTH LOCALLY AND OVER THE EXISTING
SNOWPACK IN THE NORTH, WOULD CAUSE WIDESPREAD MODERATE FLOODING,
WITH MINOR FLOODING ALONG THE MAINSTEM DELAWARE. A SMATTERING OF
MAJOR FLOODING CANNOT BE RULED OUT EITHER.
THE LEHIGH VALLEY HAS BEEN A BIT DRIER OVER THE LAST 30, 60, AND
90 DAYS, AND FOR THIS REASON CAN TOLERATE A LITTLE MORE WATER THAN
ADJACENT BASINS. FOR COMPLETE STREAM/RIVER FORECASTS AND
OBSERVATIONS, CHECK THE AHPS PAGE WHICH IS LINKED ON THE LEFT HAND
SIDE OF OUR WEB SITE.
&&
.TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...
WE HAVE DECIDED TO GO WITH A COASTAL FLOOD WARNING FOR OUR ATLANTIC
COASTAL AREAS AS WELL AS THE WESTERN SIDE OF DELAWARE BAY...WITH AN
ADVISORY FOR THE UPPER BAY. THIS IS DUE TO THE COMBINATION OF
APPROACHING NEW MOON...STRONG PERSISTENT ENE WINDS AND EXPECTED
HEAVY RAINS. THE TWO HIGH TIDES OF CONCERN ARE EARLY SAT MORNING AND
SAT EVENING. FOR DE AND SRN NJ...THE FIRST HIGH TIDE MAY BE WORSE AS
WINDS WILL HAVE SPREAD UP FROM THE S AND HAVE LASTED LONGER THERE.
BY LATE AFTN WINDS SHOULD HAVE SLACKENED SOME TO THE S BUT CONT
STRONG ALONG THE NRN NJ COAST...SO THE 2ND EVE HIGH TIDE MAY BE MORE
PROBLEMATIC THERE. THIS IS REFLECTED IN THE FCST TIDE LEVELS IN OUR
CFW PRODUCT.
&&
.PHI WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
PA...FLOOD WATCH FROM 7 PM EST THIS EVENING THROUGH SUNDAY MORNING
FOR PAZ054-055-060>062-067>071.
NJ...FLOOD WATCH FROM 7 PM EST THIS EVENING THROUGH SUNDAY MORNING
FOR NJZ001-007>010-012>027.
WIND ADVISORY FROM 1 AM TO 1 PM EST SATURDAY FOR NJZ021>025.
COASTAL FLOOD ADVISORY FROM 7 AM SATURDAY TO MIDNIGHT EST
SATURDAY NIGHT FOR NJZ016-021.
COASTAL FLOOD WARNING FROM 4 AM TO 9 PM EST SATURDAY FOR
NJZ012>014-020-022>027.
WIND ADVISORY FROM 1 AM TO 7 PM EST SATURDAY FOR NJZ012>014-
020-026-027.
DE...FLOOD WATCH FROM 7 PM EST THIS EVENING THROUGH SUNDAY MORNING
FOR DEZ001>004.
WIND ADVISORY FROM 1 AM TO 1 PM EST SATURDAY FOR DEZ002>004.
COASTAL FLOOD ADVISORY FROM 7 AM SATURDAY TO MIDNIGHT EST
SATURDAY NIGHT FOR DEZ001.
COASTAL FLOOD WARNING FROM 4 AM TO 9 PM EST SATURDAY FOR
DEZ002>004.
MD...FLOOD WATCH FROM 7 PM EST THIS EVENING THROUGH SUNDAY MORNING
FOR MDZ008-012-015-019-020.
MARINE...GALE WARNING UNTIL 6 AM EDT SUNDAY FOR ANZ430-431-450>455.
&&
SYNOPSIS...GORSE
NEAR TERM...GORSE
SHORT TERM...GIGI/GORSE
LONG TERM...RPW
AVIATION...AMC
MARINE...AMC
HYDROLOGY...KRUZDLO
TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...AMC