Powell Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Powell Fld Stn. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 19 and the first fall freeze around September 20, a growing season of about 123 days.
- Median at 32°F
- last May 19, first September 20
- Median at 28°F
- last May 5, first September 29
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32°F | Jun 4 | May 29 | May 26 | May 23 | May 19 | May 16 | May 13 | May 9 | May 5 |
| 28°F | May 20 | May 14 | May 10 | May 7 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 |
| 24°F | May 7 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 |
| 20°F | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 1 |
| 16°F | Apr 22 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 20 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32°F | Sep 7 | Sep 12 | Sep 15 | Sep 17 | Sep 20 | Sep 22 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Oct 1 |
| 28°F | Sep 16 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 | Oct 14 |
| 24°F | Sep 26 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 25 |
| 20°F | Oct 5 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 3 |
| 16°F | Oct 13 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 12 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 117 | 109 | 103 | 98 | 94 | 90 | 83 | 74 | 63 |
| 32°F | 141 | 136 | 131 | 127 | 123 | 119 | 115 | 109 | 102 |
| 28°F | 164 | 159 | 154 | 150 | 146 | 142 | 138 | 133 | 127 |
| 24°F | 186 | 180 | 176 | 171 | 167 | 163 | 159 | 153 | 146 |
| 20°F | 208 | 202 | 197 | 192 | 188 | 183 | 179 | 174 | 168 |
| 16°F | 227 | 219 | 214 | 209 | 205 | 201 | 196 | 192 | 184 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 8,227
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 329
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,701
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,743
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 1,934
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,260
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 720
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,432 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,176 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 963 | 0 | 4 |
| April | 671 | 0 | 30 |
| May | 386 | 6 | 159 |
| June | 149 | 45 | 354 |
| July | 34 | 152 | 583 |
| August | 55 | 108 | 519 |
| September | 260 | 17 | 241 |
| October | 670 | 0 | 42 |
| November | 1,049 | 0 | 1 |
| December | 1,383 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 2.5 km from Powell. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00487388 (Powell Fld Stn). Public domain.