Johnson County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Billy Creek. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 19 and the first fall freeze around September 21, a growing season of about 123 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last June 2, first September 12
- Median at 32°F
- last May 19, first September 21
- Median at 28°F
- last May 8, first September 30
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 20 | Jun 13 | Jun 9 | Jun 5 | Jun 2 | May 31 | May 28 | May 24 | May 19 |
| 32°F | May 31 | May 28 | May 25 | May 22 | May 19 | May 17 | May 14 | May 11 | May 7 |
| 28°F | May 23 | May 18 | May 14 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 |
| 24°F | May 12 | May 7 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 12 |
| 20°F | May 2 | Apr 28 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 1 |
| 16°F | Apr 24 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 24 | Mar 17 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Aug 29 | Sep 2 | Sep 6 | Sep 9 | Sep 12 | Sep 14 | Sep 17 | Sep 20 | Sep 24 |
| 32°F | Sep 6 | Sep 12 | Sep 16 | Sep 19 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 4 |
| 28°F | Sep 16 | Sep 22 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 14 |
| 24°F | Sep 25 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 24 |
| 20°F | Oct 3 | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 |
| 16°F | Oct 11 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 11 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 120 | 114 | 109 | 105 | 100 | 96 | 92 | 86 | 79 |
| 32°F | 143 | 136 | 131 | 127 | 123 | 120 | 115 | 110 | 103 |
| 28°F | 162 | 157 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 141 | 137 | 132 | 125 |
| 24°F | 185 | 179 | 173 | 169 | 165 | 161 | 157 | 154 | 147 |
| 20°F | 206 | 199 | 193 | 189 | 185 | 180 | 174 | 171 | 163 |
| 16°F | 228 | 219 | 213 | 208 | 204 | 198 | 193 | 187 | 180 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,516
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 452
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,994
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,975
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,123
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,424
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 866
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,229 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,060 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 913 | 0 | 10 |
| April | 676 | 1 | 37 |
| May | 420 | 6 | 142 |
| June | 149 | 54 | 364 |
| July | 35 | 193 | 623 |
| August | 52 | 156 | 571 |
| September | 231 | 42 | 294 |
| October | 615 | 2 | 70 |
| November | 921 | 0 | 11 |
| December | 1,217 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 15.1 km from Johnson County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00480740 (Billy Creek). Public domain.