Waunakee Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Madison Dane Rgnl AP. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 1 and the first fall freeze around October 10, a growing season of about 160 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 13, first September 29
- Median at 32°F
- last May 1, first October 10
- Median at 28°F
- last April 20, first October 22
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 29 | May 23 | May 19 | May 16 | May 13 | May 10 | May 6 | May 2 | Apr 29 |
| 32°F | May 16 | May 11 | May 7 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 16 |
| 28°F | May 5 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 5 |
| 24°F | Apr 22 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 25 |
| 20°F | Apr 12 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 14 |
| 16°F | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 17 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 12 |
| 32°F | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 24 |
| 28°F | Oct 6 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 4 |
| 24°F | Oct 19 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 17 |
| 20°F | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 |
| 16°F | Nov 6 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 22 | Nov 25 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 7 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 158 | 151 | 147 | 143 | 139 | 135 | 131 | 126 | 119 |
| 32°F | 179 | 172 | 167 | 164 | 160 | 156 | 153 | 147 | 140 |
| 28°F | 203 | 196 | 191 | 187 | 182 | 178 | 174 | 169 | 162 |
| 24°F | 226 | 220 | 215 | 211 | 207 | 204 | 199 | 194 | 185 |
| 20°F | 249 | 242 | 238 | 233 | 229 | 225 | 220 | 215 | 209 |
| 16°F | 267 | 260 | 255 | 251 | 247 | 243 | 238 | 233 | 225 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,138
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 627
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,670
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,606
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,669
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,860
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,174
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,413 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,175 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 951 | 1 | 15 |
| April | 562 | 2 | 65 |
| May | 252 | 36 | 272 |
| June | 47 | 137 | 540 |
| July | 9 | 221 | 677 |
| August | 20 | 166 | 611 |
| September | 151 | 59 | 366 |
| October | 480 | 6 | 109 |
| November | 848 | 0 | 13 |
| December | 1,232 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.6 km from Waunakee. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00014837 (Madison Dane Rgnl AP). Public domain.