Siren Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Grantsburg. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 11 and the first fall freeze around October 1, a growing season of about 141 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 23, first September 22
- Median at 32°F
- last May 11, first October 1
- Median at 28°F
- last April 30, first October 11
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 6 | Jun 1 | May 29 | May 26 | May 23 | May 20 | May 17 | May 13 | May 7 |
| 32°F | May 28 | May 23 | May 18 | May 14 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 1 | Apr 27 |
| 28°F | May 17 | May 11 | May 6 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 15 |
| 24°F | May 4 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 |
| 20°F | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 26 |
| 16°F | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 17 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 7 | Sep 12 | Sep 16 | Sep 19 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 27 | Oct 1 | Oct 5 |
| 32°F | Sep 16 | Sep 21 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 |
| 28°F | Sep 26 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 26 |
| 24°F | Oct 6 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 7 |
| 20°F | Oct 18 | Oct 23 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 16 |
| 16°F | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 142 | 134 | 129 | 124 | 120 | 115 | 111 | 105 | 97 |
| 32°F | 160 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 141 | 136 | 131 | 126 | 117 |
| 28°F | 182 | 174 | 170 | 165 | 161 | 157 | 152 | 147 | 140 |
| 24°F | 207 | 200 | 195 | 190 | 185 | 180 | 175 | 170 | 162 |
| 20°F | 225 | 219 | 215 | 210 | 207 | 202 | 198 | 192 | 185 |
| 16°F | 241 | 236 | 230 | 226 | 222 | 219 | 214 | 209 | 202 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 8,422
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 479
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,172
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,199
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,339
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,590
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 964
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,652 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,355 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,102 | 0 | 6 |
| April | 658 | 1 | 46 |
| May | 296 | 26 | 236 |
| June | 72 | 95 | 474 |
| July | 18 | 179 | 626 |
| August | 35 | 131 | 561 |
| September | 199 | 43 | 312 |
| October | 583 | 4 | 72 |
| November | 1,005 | 0 | 6 |
| December | 1,446 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 23.9 km from Siren. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00014995 (Grantsburg). Public domain.