Shell Lake Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Spooner Ag Res Stn. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 14 and the first fall freeze around September 28, a growing season of about 135 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 26, first September 19
- Median at 32°F
- last May 14, first September 28
- Median at 28°F
- last May 2, first October 7
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 9 | Jun 4 | Jun 1 | May 29 | May 26 | May 24 | May 20 | May 16 | May 11 |
| 32°F | May 29 | May 25 | May 21 | May 17 | May 14 | May 10 | May 7 | May 4 | Apr 30 |
| 28°F | May 19 | May 13 | May 8 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 20 |
| 24°F | May 8 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 9 |
| 20°F | Apr 28 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 |
| 16°F | Apr 20 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 21 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 4 | Sep 9 | Sep 13 | Sep 16 | Sep 19 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Oct 1 |
| 32°F | Sep 14 | Sep 19 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 |
| 28°F | Sep 22 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 |
| 24°F | Oct 3 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 4 |
| 20°F | Oct 17 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 15 |
| 16°F | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 134 | 128 | 122 | 117 | 113 | 109 | 105 | 100 | 92 |
| 32°F | 156 | 149 | 144 | 140 | 135 | 132 | 127 | 120 | 113 |
| 28°F | 176 | 170 | 164 | 160 | 156 | 152 | 146 | 140 | 134 |
| 24°F | 200 | 192 | 187 | 183 | 179 | 174 | 169 | 164 | 156 |
| 20°F | 220 | 213 | 208 | 204 | 199 | 195 | 191 | 186 | 179 |
| 16°F | 237 | 231 | 226 | 222 | 218 | 214 | 211 | 205 | 199 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 8,673
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 400
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,985
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,025
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,182
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,454
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 852
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,680 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,389 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,129 | 0 | 5 |
| April | 681 | 1 | 41 |
| May | 324 | 19 | 209 |
| June | 83 | 80 | 448 |
| July | 26 | 151 | 590 |
| August | 45 | 112 | 532 |
| September | 222 | 35 | 286 |
| October | 599 | 2 | 66 |
| November | 1,023 | 0 | 5 |
| December | 1,474 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.1 km from Shell Lake. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00478027 (Spooner Ag Res Stn). Public domain.