Norwalk Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Cashton. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 27 and the first fall freeze around October 14, a growing season of about 170 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 7, first October 4
- Median at 32°F
- last April 27, first October 14
- Median at 28°F
- last April 17, first October 26
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 21 | May 16 | May 12 | May 10 | May 7 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 24 |
| 32°F | May 11 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 |
| 28°F | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 |
| 24°F | Apr 21 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 23 |
| 20°F | Apr 11 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 12 |
| 16°F | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 23 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 5 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 22 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 |
| 32°F | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 |
| 28°F | Oct 11 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 26 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 8 |
| 24°F | Oct 23 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 19 |
| 20°F | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 29 |
| 16°F | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 24 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 | Dec 8 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 167 | 162 | 158 | 154 | 150 | 147 | 144 | 139 | 133 |
| 32°F | 189 | 182 | 178 | 174 | 170 | 166 | 162 | 158 | 152 |
| 28°F | 210 | 205 | 200 | 196 | 192 | 189 | 184 | 179 | 174 |
| 24°F | 231 | 223 | 218 | 215 | 210 | 206 | 203 | 198 | 193 |
| 20°F | 250 | 242 | 238 | 233 | 229 | 225 | 221 | 217 | 209 |
| 16°F | 265 | 259 | 254 | 249 | 245 | 240 | 236 | 231 | 224 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,409
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 612
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,646
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,606
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,673
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,854
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,162
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,478 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,216 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 987 | 0 | 11 |
| April | 556 | 3 | 77 |
| May | 237 | 31 | 278 |
| June | 47 | 134 | 537 |
| July | 8 | 214 | 671 |
| August | 19 | 166 | 612 |
| September | 148 | 59 | 370 |
| October | 504 | 5 | 104 |
| November | 907 | 0 | 11 |
| December | 1,300 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 15.9 km from Norwalk. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00471280 (Cashton). Public domain.