Elroy Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Hillsboro. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 5 and the first fall freeze around October 4, a growing season of about 153 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 16, first September 27
- Median at 32°F
- last May 5, first October 4
- Median at 28°F
- last April 23, first October 17
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 30 | May 25 | May 22 | May 19 | May 16 | May 13 | May 10 | May 7 | May 3 |
| 32°F | May 18 | May 14 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 |
| 28°F | May 7 | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 |
| 24°F | Apr 27 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 |
| 20°F | Apr 17 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 23 | Mar 17 |
| 16°F | Apr 6 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 27 | Mar 24 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 8 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 14 | Sep 19 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 8 |
| 32°F | Sep 23 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 18 |
| 28°F | Oct 2 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Nov 1 |
| 24°F | Oct 15 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 6 | Nov 12 |
| 20°F | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 |
| 16°F | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 3 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 151 | 145 | 140 | 136 | 133 | 128 | 125 | 120 | 114 |
| 32°F | 173 | 166 | 161 | 157 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 140 | 135 |
| 28°F | 196 | 189 | 184 | 180 | 176 | 172 | 168 | 163 | 157 |
| 24°F | 220 | 213 | 208 | 204 | 201 | 196 | 192 | 187 | 180 |
| 20°F | 242 | 233 | 229 | 225 | 220 | 216 | 212 | 208 | 201 |
| 16°F | 260 | 253 | 248 | 242 | 238 | 234 | 230 | 225 | 218 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,454
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 581
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,537
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,495
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,574
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,777
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,107
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,489 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,229 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 989 | 0 | 9 |
| April | 575 | 3 | 67 |
| May | 263 | 27 | 256 |
| June | 55 | 125 | 521 |
| July | 11 | 208 | 662 |
| August | 24 | 161 | 603 |
| September | 163 | 50 | 347 |
| October | 508 | 6 | 96 |
| November | 867 | 0 | 12 |
| December | 1,282 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.9 km from Elroy. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00473654 (Hillsboro). Public domain.