Milton Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Tacoma #1. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 8 and the first fall freeze around November 14, a growing season of about 250 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 2, first October 31
- Median at 32°F
- last March 8, first November 14
- Median at 28°F
- last February 11, first December 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 24 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 6 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 22 | Mar 13 |
| 32°F | Mar 31 | Mar 23 | Mar 17 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 | Feb 15 |
| 28°F | Mar 4 | Feb 27 | Feb 23 | Feb 17 | Feb 11 | Feb 3 | Jan 26 | Jan 12 | Dec 29 |
| 24°F | Feb 18 | Feb 10 | Jan 31 | Jan 19 | Jan 7 | Dec 31 | Dec 21 | Dec 12 | Dec 2 |
| 20°F | Feb 10 | Jan 27 | Jan 4 | Dec 28 | Dec 19 | Dec 13 | Dec 8 | Dec 5 | Nov 29 |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 16 | Oct 21 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 15 |
| 32°F | Oct 30 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Dec 2 |
| 28°F | Nov 8 | Nov 15 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 | Dec 22 | Jan 1 |
| 24°F | Nov 20 | Nov 29 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 | Dec 17 | Dec 24 | Dec 31 | Jan 7 | Feb 2 |
| 20°F | Nov 27 | Dec 2 | Dec 7 | Dec 11 | Dec 14 | Dec 24 | Jan 1 | Jan 14 | Feb 10 |
| 16°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 233 | 224 | 218 | 213 | 209 | 204 | 199 | 193 | 185 |
| 32°F | 283 | 270 | 262 | 256 | 250 | 244 | 238 | 231 | 223 |
| 28°F | 338 | 326 | 316 | 309 | 301 | 292 | 283 | 274 | 264 |
| 24°F | 365 | 365 | 364 | 354 | 343 | 334 | 328 | 318 | 307 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 349 | 334 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 99% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 72% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 25% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 4% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,332
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 211
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,118
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,564
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,306
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,359
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 656
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 690 | 0 | 5 |
| February | 592 | 0 | 6 |
| March | 546 | 0 | 27 |
| April | 398 | 0 | 84 |
| May | 229 | 6 | 244 |
| June | 106 | 24 | 368 |
| July | 22 | 84 | 527 |
| August | 21 | 81 | 525 |
| September | 111 | 16 | 356 |
| October | 352 | 0 | 136 |
| November | 557 | 0 | 25 |
| December | 710 | 0 | 4 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 7.5 km from Milton. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00458278 (Tacoma #1). Public domain.