Crozet Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Free Union. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 19 and the first fall freeze around October 24, a growing season of about 186 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 30, first October 14
- Median at 32°F
- last April 19, first October 24
- Median at 28°F
- last April 7, first November 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 17 | May 11 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 |
| 32°F | May 5 | Apr 30 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 5 |
| 28°F | Apr 21 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 7 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 |
| 24°F | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 11 |
| 20°F | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 3 | Feb 26 |
| 16°F | Mar 22 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 25 | Feb 17 | Feb 7 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 29 |
| 32°F | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 |
| 28°F | Oct 19 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 |
| 24°F | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 23 | Nov 30 |
| 20°F | Nov 9 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 3 | Dec 8 | Dec 16 |
| 16°F | Nov 21 | Nov 29 | Dec 3 | Dec 8 | Dec 13 | Dec 20 | Dec 24 | Dec 30 | Jan 6 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 186 | 179 | 175 | 171 | 167 | 164 | 159 | 154 | 147 |
| 32°F | 206 | 199 | 194 | 190 | 186 | 182 | 177 | 172 | 165 |
| 28°F | 226 | 220 | 215 | 211 | 207 | 203 | 199 | 194 | 187 |
| 24°F | 254 | 246 | 239 | 233 | 230 | 225 | 221 | 216 | 209 |
| 20°F | 282 | 272 | 266 | 261 | 256 | 251 | 246 | 239 | 230 |
| 16°F | 313 | 304 | 296 | 290 | 285 | 279 | 274 | 268 | 257 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,642
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 948
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,053
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,714
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,538
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,512
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,651
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 945 | 0 | 6 |
| February | 788 | 0 | 11 |
| March | 656 | 1 | 52 |
| April | 326 | 13 | 187 |
| May | 131 | 56 | 393 |
| June | 14 | 182 | 618 |
| July | 1 | 307 | 772 |
| August | 3 | 259 | 721 |
| September | 61 | 112 | 501 |
| October | 295 | 19 | 218 |
| November | 575 | 0 | 50 |
| December | 848 | 0 | 10 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10 km from Crozet. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00443213 (Free Union). Public domain.