Williston Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Burlington Intl AP. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 29 and the first fall freeze around October 15, a growing season of about 169 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 8, first October 4
- Median at 32°F
- last April 29, first October 15
- Median at 28°F
- last April 18, first October 28
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 23 | May 18 | May 14 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 |
| 32°F | May 11 | May 6 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 |
| 28°F | Apr 30 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 20 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 |
| 24°F | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 |
| 20°F | Apr 11 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 |
| 16°F | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 9 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 23 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 19 |
| 32°F | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Nov 1 |
| 28°F | Oct 12 | Oct 17 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 12 |
| 24°F | Oct 26 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 |
| 20°F | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 20 | Nov 23 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 |
| 16°F | Nov 14 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 7 | Dec 13 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 166 | 159 | 155 | 151 | 147 | 144 | 140 | 136 | 129 |
| 32°F | 187 | 181 | 177 | 172 | 169 | 164 | 161 | 156 | 149 |
| 28°F | 211 | 204 | 200 | 196 | 193 | 189 | 185 | 180 | 173 |
| 24°F | 234 | 227 | 222 | 218 | 215 | 211 | 207 | 202 | 196 |
| 20°F | 253 | 247 | 242 | 238 | 234 | 230 | 225 | 221 | 215 |
| 16°F | 270 | 264 | 259 | 254 | 250 | 246 | 242 | 238 | 231 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,960
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 656
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,742
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,665
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,724
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,905
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,209
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,367 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 1,179 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,016 | 0 | 7 |
| April | 586 | 4 | 59 |
| May | 236 | 32 | 278 |
| June | 50 | 123 | 524 |
| July | 6 | 235 | 694 |
| August | 15 | 191 | 642 |
| September | 134 | 66 | 387 |
| October | 459 | 5 | 113 |
| November | 773 | 0 | 19 |
| December | 1,142 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 7.3 km from Williston. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00014742 (Burlington Intl AP). Public domain.