Lyndon Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Saint Johnsbury. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 13 and the first fall freeze around October 3, a growing season of about 143 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 25, first September 24
- Median at 32°F
- last May 13, first October 3
- Median at 28°F
- last May 1, first October 13
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 5 | Jun 1 | May 29 | May 27 | May 25 | May 22 | May 19 | May 15 | May 11 |
| 32°F | May 25 | May 21 | May 19 | May 16 | May 13 | May 10 | May 8 | May 4 | Apr 30 |
| 28°F | May 15 | May 11 | May 7 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 |
| 24°F | May 1 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 19 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 |
| 20°F | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 8 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 |
| 16°F | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 19 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 11 | Sep 15 | Sep 19 | Sep 22 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 |
| 32°F | Sep 21 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 16 |
| 28°F | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 29 |
| 24°F | Oct 11 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 9 |
| 20°F | Oct 24 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 20 |
| 16°F | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 16 | Nov 19 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 139 | 132 | 129 | 124 | 121 | 118 | 114 | 110 | 105 |
| 32°F | 160 | 153 | 150 | 146 | 143 | 140 | 136 | 132 | 126 |
| 28°F | 183 | 176 | 171 | 168 | 164 | 161 | 157 | 153 | 146 |
| 24°F | 206 | 201 | 196 | 193 | 188 | 185 | 181 | 177 | 172 |
| 20°F | 228 | 221 | 217 | 213 | 210 | 207 | 203 | 198 | 193 |
| 16°F | 247 | 241 | 236 | 232 | 228 | 224 | 221 | 217 | 211 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,488
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 432
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,264
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,240
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,343
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,563
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 915
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,435 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,221 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,052 | 0 | 4 |
| April | 621 | 2 | 47 |
| May | 276 | 19 | 234 |
| June | 71 | 85 | 464 |
| July | 14 | 160 | 611 |
| August | 30 | 123 | 558 |
| September | 170 | 42 | 331 |
| October | 512 | 2 | 86 |
| November | 851 | 0 | 10 |
| December | 1,235 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.5 km from Lyndon. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00437054 (Saint Johnsbury). Public domain.