Ludlow Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Cavendish. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 16 and the first fall freeze around September 29, a growing season of about 136 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 28, first September 19
- Median at 32°F
- last May 16, first September 29
- Median at 28°F
- last May 2, first October 7
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 10 | Jun 5 | Jun 3 | May 31 | May 28 | May 25 | May 23 | May 19 | May 14 |
| 32°F | May 31 | May 25 | May 21 | May 18 | May 16 | May 13 | May 9 | May 6 | May 1 |
| 28°F | May 15 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 |
| 24°F | May 3 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 20 | Apr 18 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 |
| 20°F | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 8 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 |
| 16°F | Apr 10 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 19 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 5 | Sep 10 | Sep 13 | Sep 16 | Sep 19 | Sep 21 | Sep 25 | Sep 27 | Oct 1 |
| 32°F | Sep 16 | Sep 20 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 11 |
| 28°F | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 25 |
| 24°F | Oct 4 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 |
| 20°F | Oct 17 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 19 |
| 16°F | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 131 | 125 | 120 | 116 | 112 | 109 | 105 | 100 | 95 |
| 32°F | 153 | 148 | 143 | 140 | 136 | 131 | 128 | 123 | 116 |
| 28°F | 176 | 170 | 165 | 161 | 158 | 154 | 150 | 145 | 138 |
| 24°F | 202 | 195 | 190 | 187 | 183 | 179 | 174 | 169 | 161 |
| 20°F | 227 | 221 | 216 | 212 | 208 | 204 | 200 | 195 | 189 |
| 16°F | 247 | 239 | 235 | 231 | 227 | 224 | 220 | 215 | 210 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,818
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 363
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,939
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,965
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,114
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,388
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 797
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,435 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,242 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,105 | 0 | 2 |
| April | 685 | 1 | 30 |
| May | 327 | 12 | 188 |
| June | 99 | 70 | 423 |
| July | 21 | 145 | 589 |
| August | 40 | 105 | 530 |
| September | 200 | 29 | 291 |
| October | 565 | 1 | 56 |
| November | 873 | 0 | 5 |
| December | 1,226 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 8.3 km from Ludlow. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00431243 (Cavendish). Public domain.