Dover Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Rowe 3NE. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 14 and the first fall freeze around October 4, a growing season of about 143 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 25, first September 23
- Median at 32°F
- last May 14, first October 4
- Median at 28°F
- last May 1, first October 14
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 6 | Jun 2 | May 29 | May 27 | May 25 | May 22 | May 19 | May 15 | May 10 |
| 32°F | May 26 | May 23 | May 19 | May 16 | May 14 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | Apr 30 |
| 28°F | May 16 | May 11 | May 8 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 16 |
| 24°F | May 3 | Apr 27 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 |
| 20°F | Apr 16 | Apr 10 | Apr 6 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 20 |
| 16°F | Apr 5 | Apr 1 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 11 | Sep 15 | Sep 18 | Sep 20 | Sep 23 | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 6 |
| 32°F | Sep 20 | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 17 |
| 28°F | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 26 | Nov 1 |
| 24°F | Oct 9 | Oct 15 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 12 |
| 20°F | Oct 22 | Oct 28 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 27 |
| 16°F | Nov 4 | Nov 10 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 8 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 139 | 133 | 129 | 125 | 121 | 118 | 114 | 109 | 102 |
| 32°F | 161 | 156 | 151 | 147 | 143 | 139 | 136 | 131 | 124 |
| 28°F | 188 | 181 | 175 | 170 | 165 | 162 | 157 | 152 | 145 |
| 24°F | 216 | 209 | 204 | 199 | 194 | 189 | 184 | 179 | 171 |
| 20°F | 239 | 233 | 229 | 224 | 220 | 216 | 211 | 206 | 199 |
| 16°F | 262 | 255 | 249 | 245 | 242 | 238 | 234 | 228 | 221 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,945
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 167
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,537
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,572
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 1,751
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,060
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 518
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,395 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,205 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,108 | 0 | 0 |
| April | 714 | 0 | 29 |
| May | 396 | 4 | 131 |
| June | 143 | 25 | 337 |
| July | 48 | 74 | 491 |
| August | 61 | 49 | 452 |
| September | 228 | 15 | 253 |
| October | 583 | 0 | 49 |
| November | 872 | 0 | 9 |
| December | 1,193 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 23.8 km from Dover. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00196989 (Rowe 3NE). Public domain.