Highland Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Alpine. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 3 and the first fall freeze around October 12, a growing season of about 159 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 20, first October 1
- Median at 32°F
- last May 3, first October 12
- Median at 28°F
- last April 16, first October 24
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 10 | Jun 3 | May 29 | May 24 | May 20 | May 17 | May 13 | May 9 | May 4 |
| 32°F | May 26 | May 17 | May 12 | May 7 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 23 | Apr 18 |
| 28°F | May 5 | Apr 28 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Mar 29 |
| 24°F | Apr 17 | Apr 10 | Apr 6 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 20 | Mar 15 | Mar 8 |
| 20°F | Apr 1 | Mar 26 | Mar 19 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 6 | Mar 3 | Feb 27 | Feb 21 |
| 16°F | Mar 13 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 27 | Feb 23 | Feb 19 | Feb 15 | Feb 10 | Feb 3 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 18 | Sep 23 | Sep 26 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 15 |
| 32°F | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 |
| 28°F | Oct 8 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 8 |
| 24°F | Oct 19 | Oct 25 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 20 |
| 20°F | Oct 29 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 19 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 |
| 16°F | Nov 8 | Nov 14 | Nov 19 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 154 | 147 | 141 | 136 | 131 | 126 | 121 | 116 | 107 |
| 32°F | 183 | 175 | 169 | 164 | 159 | 154 | 150 | 145 | 137 |
| 28°F | 214 | 206 | 200 | 195 | 190 | 185 | 179 | 173 | 165 |
| 24°F | 244 | 235 | 229 | 224 | 219 | 214 | 210 | 204 | 197 |
| 20°F | 275 | 265 | 258 | 253 | 248 | 243 | 237 | 230 | 221 |
| 16°F | 303 | 293 | 286 | 280 | 276 | 270 | 265 | 258 | 250 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,776
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 722
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,084
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,893
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,867
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,001
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,292
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,082 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 855 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 679 | 0 | 24 |
| April | 485 | 1 | 78 |
| May | 258 | 18 | 250 |
| June | 65 | 119 | 506 |
| July | 3 | 281 | 744 |
| August | 6 | 236 | 696 |
| September | 101 | 64 | 418 |
| October | 407 | 3 | 134 |
| November | 756 | 0 | 16 |
| December | 1,078 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 4.7 km from Highland. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00420061 (Alpine). Public domain.