Moulton Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Flatonia 4SE. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 2 and the first fall freeze around November 27, a growing season of about 271 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last March 13, first November 15
- Median at 32°F
- last March 2, first November 27
- Median at 28°F
- last February 16, first December 9
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 2 | Mar 28 | Mar 22 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 23 |
| 32°F | Mar 21 | Mar 15 | Mar 10 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 27 | Feb 22 | Feb 15 | Feb 4 |
| 28°F | Mar 12 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 | Feb 16 | Feb 8 | Feb 2 | Jan 26 | Jan 16 |
| 24°F | Mar 3 | Feb 22 | Feb 12 | Feb 4 | Jan 29 | Jan 22 | Jan 15 | Jan 7 | Dec 22 |
| 20°F | Feb 23 | Feb 7 | Feb 1 | Jan 27 | Jan 20 | Jan 12 | Jan 6 | Dec 30 | Dec 16 |
| 16°F | Feb 16 | Feb 7 | Feb 2 | Jan 29 | Jan 21 | Jan 12 | Jan 8 | Jan 2 | Dec 20 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 31 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 | Dec 3 |
| 32°F | Nov 8 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 | Dec 10 | Dec 18 |
| 28°F | Nov 17 | Nov 24 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 | Dec 9 | Dec 15 | Dec 22 | Dec 31 | Jan 9 |
| 24°F | Nov 29 | Dec 6 | Dec 13 | Dec 19 | Dec 28 | Jan 3 | Jan 9 | Jan 20 | Feb 2 |
| 20°F | Dec 10 | Dec 17 | Dec 24 | Jan 1 | Jan 4 | Jan 10 | Jan 19 | Jan 30 | Feb 10 |
| 16°F | Dec 16 | Dec 27 | Jan 5 | Jan 10 | Jan 16 | Jan 24 | Feb 1 | Feb 3 | Feb 10 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 274 | 265 | 259 | 253 | 247 | 242 | 237 | 231 | 221 |
| 32°F | 305 | 292 | 283 | 277 | 271 | 265 | 260 | 254 | 245 |
| 28°F | 339 | 325 | 315 | 306 | 300 | 290 | 283 | 275 | 266 |
| 24°F | 365 | 359 | 350 | 343 | 334 | 326 | 317 | 307 | 293 |
| 20°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 361 | 351 | 338 | 324 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 364 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 99% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 84% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 44% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 12% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 1,635
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 2,735
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 10,273
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 8,530
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 6,871
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 5,338
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 3,950
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 443 | 8 | 135 |
| February | 304 | 15 | 187 |
| March | 182 | 49 | 351 |
| April | 49 | 134 | 537 |
| May | 5 | 302 | 763 |
| June | 0 | 459 | 909 |
| July | 0 | 549 | 1,014 |
| August | 0 | 561 | 1,026 |
| September | 2 | 402 | 850 |
| October | 44 | 195 | 617 |
| November | 204 | 48 | 320 |
| December | 402 | 13 | 163 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10 km from Moulton. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00413183 (Flatonia 4SE). Public domain.