Marfa Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Marfa 3W. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 14 and the first fall freeze around October 27, a growing season of about 196 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 26, first October 19
- Median at 32°F
- last April 14, first October 27
- Median at 28°F
- last April 2, first November 7
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 9 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 14 | Apr 9 |
| 32°F | May 1 | Apr 26 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Mar 30 |
| 28°F | Apr 21 | Apr 14 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 23 | Mar 17 | Mar 12 |
| 24°F | Apr 6 | Mar 31 | Mar 24 | Mar 18 | Mar 14 | Mar 10 | Mar 7 | Mar 3 | Feb 26 |
| 20°F | Mar 20 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 19 | Feb 14 | Feb 8 |
| 16°F | Mar 7 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 17 | Feb 10 | Feb 5 | Jan 31 | Jan 25 | Jan 15 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 4 | Oct 8 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 21 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 3 |
| 32°F | Oct 13 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 13 |
| 28°F | Oct 20 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 22 |
| 24°F | Oct 29 | Nov 6 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 2 |
| 20°F | Nov 11 | Nov 17 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 5 | Dec 9 | Dec 16 |
| 16°F | Nov 22 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 7 | Dec 11 | Dec 16 | Dec 21 | Dec 26 | Jan 2 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 198 | 189 | 184 | 180 | 175 | 171 | 167 | 163 | 156 |
| 32°F | 217 | 210 | 204 | 200 | 196 | 191 | 186 | 181 | 172 |
| 28°F | 242 | 234 | 227 | 222 | 216 | 211 | 206 | 199 | 191 |
| 24°F | 270 | 262 | 256 | 251 | 245 | 240 | 234 | 226 | 216 |
| 20°F | 300 | 288 | 283 | 277 | 272 | 267 | 262 | 255 | 244 |
| 16°F | 335 | 324 | 315 | 308 | 302 | 295 | 288 | 280 | 270 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 3,228
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,183
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,248
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,663
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,263
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,052
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,019
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 716 | 0 | 7 |
| February | 550 | 0 | 26 |
| March | 405 | 1 | 124 |
| April | 178 | 16 | 299 |
| May | 36 | 130 | 560 |
| June | 1 | 303 | 753 |
| July | 0 | 315 | 780 |
| August | 0 | 273 | 738 |
| September | 30 | 129 | 550 |
| October | 174 | 15 | 316 |
| November | 437 | 1 | 98 |
| December | 701 | 0 | 14 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 4.9 km from Marfa. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00415596 (Marfa 3W). Public domain.