Kemp Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Kaufman 3 Se. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 16 and the first fall freeze around November 14, a growing season of about 243 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 1, first November 4
- Median at 32°F
- last March 16, first November 14
- Median at 28°F
- last March 4, first November 27
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 20 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 19 | Mar 12 |
| 32°F | Apr 5 | Mar 31 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 9 | Mar 4 | Feb 25 |
| 28°F | Mar 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 18 | Feb 8 |
| 24°F | Mar 11 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 | Feb 17 | Feb 11 | Feb 4 | Jan 30 | Jan 19 |
| 20°F | Mar 3 | Feb 23 | Feb 13 | Feb 6 | Jan 31 | Jan 26 | Jan 17 | Jan 8 | Dec 28 |
| 16°F | Feb 16 | Feb 7 | Feb 1 | Jan 27 | Jan 18 | Jan 10 | Jan 5 | Dec 30 | Dec 20 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 20 |
| 32°F | Oct 31 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Dec 3 |
| 28°F | Nov 7 | Nov 13 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 9 | Dec 15 |
| 24°F | Nov 18 | Nov 25 | Dec 1 | Dec 6 | Dec 10 | Dec 15 | Dec 21 | Dec 27 | Jan 6 |
| 20°F | Dec 1 | Dec 10 | Dec 17 | Dec 24 | Dec 29 | Jan 2 | Jan 8 | Jan 16 | Feb 1 |
| 16°F | Dec 11 | Dec 19 | Dec 27 | Jan 1 | Jan 5 | Jan 10 | Jan 18 | Jan 29 | Feb 6 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 243 | 234 | 228 | 223 | 218 | 213 | 208 | 202 | 194 |
| 32°F | 268 | 260 | 253 | 248 | 243 | 237 | 231 | 225 | 215 |
| 28°F | 296 | 285 | 279 | 272 | 267 | 261 | 255 | 249 | 239 |
| 24°F | 331 | 318 | 309 | 302 | 297 | 289 | 282 | 274 | 262 |
| 20°F | 365 | 356 | 346 | 336 | 331 | 324 | 316 | 304 | 293 |
| 16°F | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 365 | 357 | 346 | 335 | 326 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 86% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 49% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 2,507
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 2,434
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 9,186
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 7,542
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 6,033
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 4,676
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 3,473
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 630 | 1 | 52 |
| February | 463 | 4 | 91 |
| March | 298 | 20 | 234 |
| April | 120 | 64 | 399 |
| May | 16 | 235 | 684 |
| June | 0 | 444 | 894 |
| July | 0 | 572 | 1,037 |
| August | 0 | 573 | 1,038 |
| September | 6 | 374 | 817 |
| October | 85 | 122 | 506 |
| November | 316 | 22 | 210 |
| December | 573 | 4 | 72 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 13.5 km from Kemp. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00414705 (Kaufman 3 Se). Public domain.