McKenzie Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Huntingdon Wtp. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 2 and the first fall freeze around October 31, a growing season of about 211 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 15, first October 22
- Median at 32°F
- last April 2, first October 31
- Median at 28°F
- last March 21, first November 9
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 30 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Mar 30 |
| 32°F | Apr 18 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 16 |
| 28°F | Apr 7 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 21 | Mar 18 | Mar 14 | Mar 8 | Mar 1 |
| 24°F | Mar 28 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 7 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 16 |
| 20°F | Mar 16 | Mar 10 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 20 | Feb 14 | Feb 9 | Jan 31 |
| 16°F | Mar 5 | Feb 27 | Feb 22 | Feb 15 | Feb 9 | Feb 5 | Jan 31 | Jan 23 | Jan 10 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 2 |
| 32°F | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 13 |
| 28°F | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 27 |
| 24°F | Nov 4 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 11 |
| 20°F | Nov 13 | Nov 20 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 6 | Dec 12 | Dec 18 | Dec 25 | Jan 1 |
| 16°F | Nov 30 | Dec 8 | Dec 17 | Dec 23 | Dec 28 | Jan 1 | Jan 5 | Jan 12 | Jan 24 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 211 | 204 | 199 | 194 | 189 | 186 | 182 | 176 | 169 |
| 32°F | 234 | 227 | 221 | 216 | 211 | 207 | 203 | 198 | 191 |
| 28°F | 260 | 251 | 245 | 239 | 234 | 229 | 224 | 218 | 211 |
| 24°F | 287 | 278 | 272 | 264 | 260 | 254 | 249 | 243 | 233 |
| 20°F | 321 | 308 | 300 | 294 | 287 | 280 | 275 | 267 | 258 |
| 16°F | 351 | 337 | 330 | 323 | 315 | 309 | 304 | 297 | 285 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 96% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 3,768
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,656
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,467
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,010
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,698
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,534
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,518
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 850 | 0 | 23 |
| February | 667 | 1 | 35 |
| March | 482 | 9 | 127 |
| April | 217 | 43 | 301 |
| May | 56 | 155 | 564 |
| June | 3 | 334 | 781 |
| July | 0 | 442 | 907 |
| August | 0 | 406 | 871 |
| September | 27 | 214 | 638 |
| October | 210 | 47 | 322 |
| November | 499 | 5 | 98 |
| December | 758 | 1 | 31 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 16.7 km from McKenzie. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00404417 (Huntingdon Wtp). Public domain.