Jackson Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Jackson Exp Stn. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 2 and the first fall freeze around October 29, a growing season of about 207 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 14, first October 21
- Median at 32°F
- last April 2, first October 29
- Median at 28°F
- last March 22, first November 7
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 30 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 |
| 32°F | Apr 18 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 23 | Mar 16 |
| 28°F | Apr 8 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 10 | Mar 3 |
| 24°F | Mar 29 | Mar 21 | Mar 16 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 2 | Feb 26 | Feb 20 |
| 20°F | Mar 15 | Mar 10 | Mar 4 | Mar 1 | Feb 26 | Feb 22 | Feb 17 | Feb 9 | Feb 2 |
| 16°F | Mar 5 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 | Feb 16 | Feb 10 | Feb 4 | Jan 31 | Jan 26 | Jan 13 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 7 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 |
| 32°F | Oct 16 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 11 |
| 28°F | Oct 27 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 18 | Nov 24 |
| 24°F | Nov 3 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 | Dec 9 |
| 20°F | Nov 10 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 6 | Dec 11 | Dec 19 | Dec 28 |
| 16°F | Nov 21 | Dec 1 | Dec 7 | Dec 14 | Dec 22 | Dec 28 | Jan 1 | Jan 8 | Jan 19 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 208 | 201 | 195 | 192 | 188 | 185 | 180 | 176 | 168 |
| 32°F | 228 | 221 | 215 | 211 | 207 | 203 | 200 | 195 | 188 |
| 28°F | 253 | 246 | 240 | 235 | 230 | 225 | 220 | 215 | 207 |
| 24°F | 279 | 269 | 261 | 257 | 252 | 248 | 243 | 237 | 229 |
| 20°F | 309 | 298 | 290 | 284 | 278 | 271 | 265 | 258 | 250 |
| 16°F | 345 | 332 | 324 | 316 | 309 | 302 | 296 | 289 | 277 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 98% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 3,618
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,790
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,726
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,250
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,912
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,727
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,686
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 839 | 0 | 24 |
| February | 652 | 1 | 38 |
| March | 459 | 11 | 139 |
| April | 197 | 52 | 327 |
| May | 48 | 174 | 591 |
| June | 2 | 353 | 801 |
| July | 0 | 463 | 928 |
| August | 0 | 430 | 894 |
| September | 20 | 242 | 672 |
| October | 187 | 59 | 354 |
| November | 480 | 6 | 109 |
| December | 735 | 1 | 36 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 2.9 km from Jackson. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00404561 (Jackson Exp Stn). Public domain.