Bells Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Alamo 1 N. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around March 28 and the first fall freeze around November 4, a growing season of about 220 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 7, first October 25
- Median at 32°F
- last March 28, first November 4
- Median at 28°F
- last March 16, first November 15
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 23 |
| 32°F | Apr 12 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 28 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 11 |
| 28°F | Apr 3 | Mar 28 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 3 | Feb 26 |
| 24°F | Mar 20 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 18 | Feb 9 |
| 20°F | Mar 12 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 18 | Feb 13 | Feb 7 | Feb 1 | Jan 26 |
| 16°F | Mar 2 | Feb 22 | Feb 15 | Feb 8 | Feb 3 | Jan 31 | Jan 28 | Jan 20 | Jan 11 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 6 |
| 32°F | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 20 |
| 28°F | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 | Dec 4 |
| 24°F | Nov 11 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 | Dec 12 | Dec 22 |
| 20°F | Nov 22 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 | Dec 9 | Dec 17 | Dec 23 | Dec 29 | Jan 4 | Jan 14 |
| 16°F | Dec 6 | Dec 15 | Dec 25 | Jan 1 | Jan 5 | Jan 10 | Jan 15 | Jan 20 | Jan 30 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 219 | 212 | 208 | 204 | 200 | 197 | 192 | 186 | 179 |
| 32°F | 244 | 236 | 230 | 225 | 220 | 216 | 212 | 207 | 200 |
| 28°F | 271 | 262 | 256 | 251 | 245 | 241 | 236 | 230 | 220 |
| 24°F | 302 | 292 | 285 | 279 | 273 | 267 | 260 | 254 | 246 |
| 20°F | 330 | 322 | 314 | 307 | 301 | 296 | 289 | 281 | 269 |
| 16°F | 364 | 348 | 338 | 333 | 329 | 322 | 314 | 306 | 298 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 93% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 3,652
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,680
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,587
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,115
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,781
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,593
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,558
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 843 | 1 | 24 |
| February | 656 | 1 | 39 |
| March | 476 | 8 | 130 |
| April | 204 | 46 | 315 |
| May | 49 | 167 | 583 |
| June | 1 | 348 | 796 |
| July | 0 | 439 | 904 |
| August | 1 | 400 | 865 |
| September | 21 | 216 | 645 |
| October | 190 | 50 | 339 |
| November | 469 | 4 | 107 |
| December | 741 | 1 | 35 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10 km from Bells. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00400049 (Alamo 1 N). Public domain.