Todd County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Mission 14 S. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 11 and the first fall freeze around October 2, a growing season of about 145 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 20, first September 25
- Median at 32°F
- last May 11, first October 2
- Median at 28°F
- last May 1, first October 13
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 1 | May 29 | May 25 | May 22 | May 20 | May 17 | May 15 | May 12 | May 8 |
| 32°F | May 25 | May 20 | May 16 | May 13 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 |
| 28°F | May 15 | May 10 | May 6 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 21 | Apr 16 |
| 24°F | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 6 |
| 20°F | Apr 25 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 25 |
| 16°F | Apr 18 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 20 | Mar 12 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 13 | Sep 18 | Sep 21 | Sep 23 | Sep 25 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 6 |
| 32°F | Sep 21 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 |
| 28°F | Sep 28 | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 25 |
| 24°F | Oct 5 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 3 |
| 20°F | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 13 |
| 16°F | Oct 22 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 144 | 138 | 134 | 131 | 127 | 123 | 120 | 115 | 110 |
| 32°F | 163 | 157 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 141 | 137 | 132 | 125 |
| 28°F | 182 | 176 | 171 | 167 | 163 | 159 | 154 | 149 | 142 |
| 24°F | 202 | 196 | 191 | 188 | 183 | 179 | 175 | 170 | 162 |
| 20°F | 222 | 215 | 210 | 205 | 201 | 197 | 192 | 188 | 179 |
| 16°F | 242 | 234 | 229 | 224 | 218 | 214 | 209 | 204 | 195 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,314
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 689
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,625
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,572
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,656
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,871
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,214
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,330 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,120 | 0 | 2 |
| March | 941 | 0 | 16 |
| April | 632 | 1 | 53 |
| May | 327 | 20 | 216 |
| June | 73 | 106 | 485 |
| July | 11 | 262 | 716 |
| August | 22 | 219 | 662 |
| September | 159 | 76 | 383 |
| October | 537 | 5 | 106 |
| November | 909 | 0 | 17 |
| December | 1,254 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 12.5 km from Todd County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00395638 (Mission 14 S). Public domain.