Oglala Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Oglala 1S. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 7 and the first fall freeze around October 4, a growing season of about 149 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 17, first September 26
- Median at 32°F
- last May 7, first October 4
- Median at 28°F
- last April 27, first October 16
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 29 | May 25 | May 23 | May 20 | May 17 | May 14 | May 12 | May 8 | May 5 |
| 32°F | May 21 | May 16 | May 13 | May 9 | May 7 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 24 |
| 28°F | May 11 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 12 |
| 24°F | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Mar 31 |
| 20°F | Apr 21 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 19 |
| 16°F | Apr 13 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 12 | Mar 6 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 12 | Sep 17 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 |
| 32°F | Sep 21 | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 19 |
| 28°F | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 |
| 24°F | Oct 9 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 6 |
| 20°F | Oct 17 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 16 |
| 16°F | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 148 | 142 | 137 | 134 | 130 | 126 | 122 | 117 | 110 |
| 32°F | 167 | 161 | 157 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 141 | 136 | 128 |
| 28°F | 189 | 182 | 177 | 173 | 169 | 165 | 161 | 157 | 150 |
| 24°F | 211 | 202 | 198 | 193 | 189 | 186 | 181 | 175 | 168 |
| 20°F | 230 | 223 | 217 | 212 | 208 | 203 | 198 | 193 | 187 |
| 16°F | 254 | 243 | 236 | 231 | 226 | 221 | 215 | 208 | 200 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,623
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 815
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,968
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,843
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,874
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,049
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,364
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,224 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,015 | 0 | 2 |
| March | 826 | 0 | 26 |
| April | 553 | 1 | 74 |
| May | 281 | 22 | 245 |
| June | 63 | 129 | 517 |
| July | 7 | 304 | 762 |
| August | 16 | 265 | 714 |
| September | 138 | 87 | 410 |
| October | 494 | 5 | 111 |
| November | 839 | 0 | 13 |
| December | 1,167 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 1.6 km from Oglala. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00396227 (Oglala 1S). Public domain.