Buffalo County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Gann Valley 3 Nne. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 7 and the first fall freeze around October 1, a growing season of about 146 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 16, first September 24
- Median at 32°F
- last May 7, first October 1
- Median at 28°F
- last April 30, first October 8
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 30 | May 26 | May 22 | May 19 | May 16 | May 13 | May 10 | May 7 | May 3 |
| 32°F | May 21 | May 17 | May 13 | May 10 | May 7 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 25 |
| 28°F | May 13 | May 8 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 19 | Apr 14 |
| 24°F | May 4 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 6 |
| 20°F | Apr 27 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 26 |
| 16°F | Apr 19 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 21 | Mar 14 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 10 | Sep 16 | Sep 19 | Sep 22 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 5 |
| 32°F | Sep 19 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 |
| 28°F | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 |
| 24°F | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 21 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 |
| 20°F | Oct 11 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 |
| 16°F | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 16 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 145 | 140 | 136 | 132 | 128 | 125 | 121 | 116 | 110 |
| 32°F | 162 | 156 | 152 | 149 | 146 | 142 | 138 | 133 | 127 |
| 28°F | 181 | 175 | 169 | 166 | 162 | 158 | 155 | 150 | 144 |
| 24°F | 197 | 191 | 186 | 182 | 178 | 174 | 170 | 166 | 158 |
| 20°F | 216 | 209 | 204 | 199 | 195 | 191 | 186 | 182 | 174 |
| 16°F | 234 | 227 | 222 | 217 | 212 | 208 | 203 | 198 | 191 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,912
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 745
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,662
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,647
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,752
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,966
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,296
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,545 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,262 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 1,029 | 1 | 13 |
| April | 622 | 1 | 59 |
| May | 280 | 30 | 258 |
| June | 54 | 131 | 529 |
| July | 5 | 283 | 743 |
| August | 20 | 221 | 666 |
| September | 151 | 72 | 384 |
| October | 574 | 6 | 92 |
| November | 980 | 0 | 6 |
| December | 1,391 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 18.5 km from Buffalo County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00393211 (Gann Valley 3 Nne). Public domain.