Brown County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Columbia 8 N. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 7 and the first fall freeze around September 29, a growing season of about 145 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 18, first September 22
- Median at 32°F
- last May 7, first September 29
- Median at 28°F
- last April 28, first October 7
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 30 | May 26 | May 23 | May 20 | May 18 | May 15 | May 12 | May 8 | May 4 |
| 32°F | May 22 | May 16 | May 12 | May 9 | May 7 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 |
| 28°F | May 12 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 14 |
| 24°F | May 3 | Apr 29 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 5 |
| 20°F | Apr 25 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 28 |
| 16°F | Apr 15 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 21 | Mar 16 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 10 | Sep 14 | Sep 17 | Sep 20 | Sep 22 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 3 |
| 32°F | Sep 18 | Sep 22 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 7 | Oct 12 |
| 28°F | Sep 25 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 22 |
| 24°F | Oct 2 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Nov 1 |
| 20°F | Oct 11 | Oct 16 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 10 |
| 16°F | Oct 21 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 20 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 144 | 138 | 134 | 130 | 126 | 123 | 120 | 115 | 109 |
| 32°F | 163 | 156 | 151 | 148 | 145 | 141 | 138 | 134 | 127 |
| 28°F | 180 | 174 | 170 | 165 | 162 | 158 | 154 | 150 | 144 |
| 24°F | 201 | 195 | 189 | 185 | 181 | 177 | 173 | 168 | 161 |
| 20°F | 220 | 213 | 208 | 204 | 200 | 195 | 192 | 186 | 180 |
| 16°F | 238 | 232 | 226 | 222 | 216 | 213 | 208 | 204 | 196 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 8,589
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 558
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,263
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,294
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,436
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,688
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,056
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,675 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,387 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,132 | 0 | 3 |
| April | 656 | 1 | 43 |
| May | 287 | 23 | 245 |
| June | 61 | 113 | 503 |
| July | 15 | 216 | 666 |
| August | 30 | 159 | 594 |
| September | 197 | 43 | 315 |
| October | 614 | 2 | 65 |
| November | 1,050 | 0 | 2 |
| December | 1,485 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 15.3 km from Brown County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00391873 (Columbia 8 N). Public domain.