Smethport Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Port Allegany. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 15 and the first fall freeze around October 6, a growing season of about 144 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 28, first September 27
- Median at 32°F
- last May 15, first October 6
- Median at 28°F
- last May 2, first October 20
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 10 | Jun 5 | Jun 1 | May 30 | May 28 | May 25 | May 22 | May 18 | May 11 |
| 32°F | May 29 | May 25 | May 22 | May 19 | May 15 | May 11 | May 8 | May 3 | Apr 29 |
| 28°F | May 20 | May 14 | May 10 | May 6 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 |
| 24°F | May 9 | May 3 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 8 |
| 20°F | Apr 23 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 26 |
| 16°F | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 18 | Mar 13 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 14 | Sep 20 | Sep 23 | Sep 25 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 |
| 32°F | Sep 25 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 21 |
| 28°F | Oct 4 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 4 |
| 24°F | Oct 16 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 16 |
| 20°F | Oct 29 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 29 |
| 16°F | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 24 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 142 | 136 | 131 | 127 | 123 | 119 | 115 | 111 | 104 |
| 32°F | 164 | 157 | 153 | 149 | 144 | 141 | 137 | 132 | 125 |
| 28°F | 187 | 180 | 176 | 172 | 167 | 163 | 158 | 153 | 146 |
| 24°F | 212 | 206 | 201 | 195 | 191 | 187 | 182 | 178 | 170 |
| 20°F | 239 | 232 | 227 | 222 | 218 | 214 | 209 | 204 | 195 |
| 16°F | 266 | 257 | 252 | 247 | 243 | 239 | 234 | 228 | 221 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,278
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 302
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,045
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,007
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,109
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,344
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 735
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,324 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 1,144 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 1,001 | 0 | 9 |
| April | 632 | 0 | 44 |
| May | 318 | 16 | 210 |
| June | 99 | 59 | 411 |
| July | 35 | 112 | 542 |
| August | 47 | 84 | 502 |
| September | 189 | 30 | 299 |
| October | 527 | 2 | 82 |
| November | 822 | 0 | 8 |
| December | 1,141 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 13.1 km from Smethport. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00367103 (Port Allegany). Public domain.