Marion Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Chambersburg 1 Ese. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 18 and the first fall freeze around October 25, a growing season of about 188 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 30, first October 14
- Median at 32°F
- last April 18, first October 25
- Median at 28°F
- last April 4, first November 6
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 17 | May 10 | May 7 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 16 |
| 32°F | May 5 | Apr 30 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 3 |
| 28°F | Apr 21 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 27 | Mar 21 |
| 24°F | Apr 6 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 27 | Mar 24 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 7 |
| 20°F | Mar 28 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 12 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 25 |
| 16°F | Mar 18 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 2 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 | Feb 18 | Feb 10 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 28 |
| 32°F | Oct 10 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 8 |
| 28°F | Oct 23 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 |
| 24°F | Nov 2 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 |
| 20°F | Nov 14 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 9 | Dec 15 | Dec 23 |
| 16°F | Nov 29 | Dec 3 | Dec 8 | Dec 13 | Dec 17 | Dec 22 | Dec 26 | Dec 30 | Jan 7 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 185 | 179 | 174 | 169 | 165 | 161 | 157 | 151 | 143 |
| 32°F | 208 | 203 | 198 | 193 | 188 | 183 | 178 | 173 | 165 |
| 28°F | 234 | 227 | 221 | 217 | 213 | 208 | 204 | 198 | 191 |
| 24°F | 262 | 254 | 248 | 244 | 238 | 234 | 230 | 224 | 217 |
| 20°F | 287 | 279 | 273 | 268 | 263 | 259 | 254 | 248 | 242 |
| 16°F | 312 | 304 | 298 | 293 | 288 | 284 | 278 | 271 | 263 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,302
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 926
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,695
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,450
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,351
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,396
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,588
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,080 | 0 | 3 |
| February | 903 | 0 | 4 |
| March | 740 | 1 | 33 |
| April | 387 | 9 | 146 |
| May | 150 | 58 | 378 |
| June | 21 | 192 | 621 |
| July | 1 | 305 | 769 |
| August | 5 | 251 | 711 |
| September | 78 | 97 | 471 |
| October | 344 | 12 | 178 |
| November | 645 | 0 | 33 |
| December | 949 | 0 | 6 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 9.9 km from Marion. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00361354 (Chambersburg 1 Ese). Public domain.