Ligonier Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Laurel Mtn. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 26 and the first fall freeze around October 17, a growing season of about 172 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 7, first October 5
- Median at 32°F
- last April 26, first October 17
- Median at 28°F
- last April 16, first October 29
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 23 | May 18 | May 14 | May 10 | May 7 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 |
| 32°F | May 13 | May 7 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 13 |
| 28°F | Apr 30 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 2 |
| 24°F | Apr 19 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 22 |
| 20°F | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 9 |
| 16°F | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 23 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 |
| 32°F | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 |
| 28°F | Oct 15 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 14 |
| 24°F | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 29 |
| 20°F | Nov 7 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 12 |
| 16°F | Nov 16 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 10 | Dec 15 | Dec 22 | Dec 29 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 168 | 163 | 158 | 154 | 150 | 146 | 142 | 138 | 131 |
| 32°F | 190 | 184 | 179 | 176 | 172 | 168 | 164 | 158 | 153 |
| 28°F | 216 | 209 | 203 | 199 | 196 | 192 | 188 | 183 | 176 |
| 24°F | 241 | 233 | 227 | 223 | 220 | 216 | 212 | 207 | 200 |
| 20°F | 266 | 257 | 252 | 247 | 242 | 238 | 234 | 228 | 221 |
| 16°F | 290 | 282 | 275 | 269 | 264 | 258 | 253 | 247 | 239 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,045
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 478
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,874
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,692
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,654
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,764
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,034
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,170 | 0 | 2 |
| February | 993 | 0 | 4 |
| March | 849 | 1 | 31 |
| April | 471 | 7 | 119 |
| May | 226 | 29 | 281 |
| June | 58 | 98 | 491 |
| July | 10 | 171 | 626 |
| August | 18 | 132 | 580 |
| September | 137 | 36 | 355 |
| October | 419 | 3 | 133 |
| November | 707 | 0 | 27 |
| December | 990 | 0 | 6 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 6.3 km from Ligonier. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00364836 (Laurel Mtn). Public domain.