Columbus Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Union City Filtration Plant. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 7 and the first fall freeze around October 10, a growing season of about 155 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 20, first September 30
- Median at 32°F
- last May 7, first October 10
- Median at 28°F
- last April 24, first October 23
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 1 | May 29 | May 26 | May 23 | May 20 | May 17 | May 13 | May 10 | May 5 |
| 32°F | May 24 | May 19 | May 14 | May 11 | May 7 | May 4 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 |
| 28°F | May 12 | May 6 | May 1 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 9 |
| 24°F | Apr 24 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 |
| 20°F | Apr 12 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 |
| 16°F | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 9 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 17 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Sep 30 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 |
| 32°F | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 24 |
| 28°F | Oct 6 | Oct 12 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 4 | Nov 10 |
| 24°F | Oct 21 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 26 |
| 20°F | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 7 |
| 16°F | Nov 14 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 5 | Dec 9 | Dec 13 | Dec 18 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 152 | 144 | 139 | 135 | 132 | 129 | 125 | 121 | 115 |
| 32°F | 175 | 168 | 163 | 159 | 155 | 151 | 145 | 140 | 134 |
| 28°F | 204 | 196 | 190 | 186 | 181 | 176 | 170 | 165 | 157 |
| 24°F | 233 | 225 | 220 | 215 | 210 | 206 | 202 | 197 | 189 |
| 20°F | 258 | 251 | 245 | 240 | 236 | 231 | 227 | 222 | 215 |
| 16°F | 275 | 268 | 262 | 258 | 254 | 250 | 246 | 241 | 235 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,901
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 420
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,351
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,277
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,350
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,555
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 906
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,261 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 1,127 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 989 | 0 | 7 |
| April | 598 | 1 | 57 |
| May | 290 | 23 | 245 |
| June | 75 | 74 | 450 |
| July | 24 | 153 | 593 |
| August | 40 | 121 | 545 |
| September | 166 | 46 | 337 |
| October | 478 | 4 | 98 |
| November | 765 | 0 | 15 |
| December | 1,088 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 23.5 km from Columbus. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00369042 (Union City Filtration Plant). Public domain.