Centre County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for State College. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 20 and the first fall freeze around October 26, a growing season of about 187 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 1, first October 14
- Median at 32°F
- last April 20, first October 26
- Median at 28°F
- last April 8, first November 5
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 18 | May 12 | May 8 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 |
| 32°F | May 6 | May 1 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 7 |
| 28°F | Apr 23 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 |
| 24°F | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 14 |
| 20°F | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 16 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 |
| 16°F | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 22 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 30 |
| 32°F | Oct 10 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 9 |
| 28°F | Oct 23 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 20 |
| 24°F | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 29 | Dec 4 |
| 20°F | Nov 14 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 3 | Dec 8 | Dec 13 | Dec 21 |
| 16°F | Nov 26 | Dec 1 | Dec 6 | Dec 11 | Dec 16 | Dec 21 | Dec 25 | Dec 29 | Jan 5 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 185 | 178 | 173 | 169 | 165 | 161 | 156 | 150 | 142 |
| 32°F | 207 | 201 | 196 | 191 | 187 | 183 | 178 | 173 | 165 |
| 28°F | 230 | 223 | 218 | 214 | 211 | 206 | 203 | 197 | 190 |
| 24°F | 256 | 249 | 243 | 238 | 234 | 230 | 225 | 221 | 215 |
| 20°F | 282 | 273 | 267 | 261 | 257 | 253 | 249 | 243 | 234 |
| 16°F | 304 | 296 | 290 | 286 | 280 | 275 | 271 | 264 | 257 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,049
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 666
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,048
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,890
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,874
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,994
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,254
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,172 | 0 | 2 |
| February | 1,004 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 870 | 0 | 18 |
| April | 477 | 6 | 107 |
| May | 203 | 44 | 317 |
| June | 41 | 136 | 545 |
| July | 5 | 228 | 688 |
| August | 12 | 181 | 634 |
| September | 117 | 63 | 399 |
| October | 416 | 8 | 134 |
| November | 716 | 0 | 23 |
| December | 1,017 | 0 | 4 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 14.5 km from Centre County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00368449 (State College). Public domain.