Mount Vernon Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for John Day. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 28 and the first fall freeze around September 18, a growing season of about 113 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last June 19, first September 2
- Median at 32°F
- last May 28, first September 18
- Median at 28°F
- last May 8, first October 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jul 8 | Jun 29 | Jun 26 | Jun 22 | Jun 19 | Jun 15 | Jun 11 | Jun 6 | May 31 |
| 32°F | Jun 15 | Jun 8 | Jun 4 | May 31 | May 28 | May 24 | May 20 | May 16 | May 12 |
| 28°F | May 24 | May 18 | May 13 | May 11 | May 8 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 25 |
| 24°F | May 7 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 3 |
| 20°F | Apr 22 | Apr 13 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 21 | Mar 15 | Mar 8 |
| 16°F | Mar 30 | Mar 20 | Mar 14 | Mar 9 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 24 | Feb 18 | Feb 11 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Aug 16 | Aug 23 | Aug 28 | Aug 31 | Sep 2 | Sep 5 | Sep 9 | Sep 13 | Sep 20 |
| 32°F | Sep 2 | Sep 7 | Sep 11 | Sep 15 | Sep 18 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 29 | Oct 4 |
| 28°F | Sep 13 | Sep 19 | Sep 23 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 16 |
| 24°F | Sep 27 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 26 | Nov 2 |
| 20°F | Oct 11 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 8 | Nov 14 | Nov 21 |
| 16°F | Oct 22 | Oct 29 | Nov 2 | Nov 9 | Nov 14 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 | Dec 4 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 101 | 93 | 86 | 80 | 76 | 70 | 65 | 58 | 47 |
| 32°F | 136 | 127 | 123 | 118 | 113 | 109 | 104 | 98 | 89 |
| 28°F | 165 | 160 | 155 | 150 | 146 | 141 | 135 | 129 | 121 |
| 24°F | 202 | 193 | 186 | 181 | 175 | 171 | 166 | 160 | 151 |
| 20°F | 244 | 233 | 225 | 217 | 212 | 206 | 201 | 195 | 183 |
| 16°F | 286 | 276 | 268 | 261 | 254 | 249 | 241 | 232 | 222 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,866
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 249
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,642
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,598
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 1,760
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,092
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 587
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,062 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 876 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 808 | 0 | 4 |
| April | 636 | 0 | 24 |
| May | 414 | 3 | 125 |
| June | 215 | 23 | 271 |
| July | 53 | 115 | 527 |
| August | 61 | 91 | 495 |
| September | 231 | 18 | 256 |
| October | 569 | 0 | 54 |
| November | 854 | 0 | 4 |
| December | 1,088 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 12.3 km from Mount Vernon. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00354291 (John Day). Public domain.