Harper County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Buffalo 2 Ssw. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 17 and the first fall freeze around October 23, a growing season of about 187 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 27, first October 15
- Median at 32°F
- last April 17, first October 23
- Median at 28°F
- last April 7, first November 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 8 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 29 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 12 |
| 32°F | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 |
| 28°F | Apr 22 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 22 |
| 24°F | Apr 12 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 15 | Mar 7 |
| 20°F | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 3 | Feb 27 |
| 16°F | Mar 27 | Mar 20 | Mar 14 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 26 | Feb 20 | Feb 12 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 30 | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 |
| 32°F | Oct 8 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 |
| 28°F | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 15 |
| 24°F | Oct 26 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 25 |
| 20°F | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 29 | Dec 4 |
| 16°F | Nov 7 | Nov 14 | Nov 19 | Nov 24 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 10 | Dec 16 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 188 | 181 | 177 | 173 | 170 | 166 | 163 | 158 | 150 |
| 32°F | 208 | 201 | 195 | 191 | 187 | 183 | 179 | 174 | 169 |
| 28°F | 231 | 222 | 217 | 213 | 208 | 203 | 199 | 194 | 187 |
| 24°F | 250 | 243 | 237 | 233 | 227 | 223 | 219 | 213 | 205 |
| 20°F | 271 | 263 | 256 | 251 | 246 | 241 | 237 | 232 | 222 |
| 16°F | 293 | 285 | 277 | 271 | 265 | 260 | 254 | 247 | 238 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,372
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,827
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,264
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,886
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,661
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,578
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,637
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 939 | 0 | 5 |
| February | 742 | 0 | 19 |
| March | 564 | 3 | 89 |
| April | 287 | 32 | 243 |
| May | 82 | 135 | 521 |
| June | 4 | 366 | 811 |
| July | 0 | 538 | 1,003 |
| August | 1 | 466 | 930 |
| September | 30 | 240 | 660 |
| October | 242 | 45 | 302 |
| November | 570 | 3 | 72 |
| December | 911 | 0 | 8 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 2.7 km from Harper County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00341243 (Buffalo 2 Ssw). Public domain.