Grant County Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Jefferson 3SE. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 18 and the first fall freeze around October 20, a growing season of about 183 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 29, first October 11
- Median at 32°F
- last April 18, first October 20
- Median at 28°F
- last April 9, first October 28
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 10 | May 5 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 13 |
| 32°F | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 4 |
| 28°F | Apr 23 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 25 |
| 24°F | Apr 15 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 26 | Mar 21 | Mar 16 | Mar 9 |
| 20°F | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 22 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 |
| 16°F | Mar 25 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 10 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 | Feb 15 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 27 | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 |
| 32°F | Oct 4 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Nov 2 |
| 28°F | Oct 14 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 |
| 24°F | Oct 23 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 17 | Nov 23 |
| 20°F | Oct 29 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 | Dec 3 |
| 16°F | Nov 5 | Nov 13 | Nov 17 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 7 | Dec 14 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 184 | 177 | 174 | 169 | 166 | 162 | 158 | 154 | 147 |
| 32°F | 203 | 197 | 191 | 187 | 183 | 179 | 175 | 170 | 164 |
| 28°F | 224 | 215 | 210 | 206 | 202 | 198 | 194 | 189 | 181 |
| 24°F | 245 | 237 | 232 | 227 | 222 | 217 | 213 | 208 | 202 |
| 20°F | 267 | 258 | 252 | 247 | 242 | 237 | 232 | 226 | 218 |
| 16°F | 291 | 281 | 274 | 268 | 263 | 259 | 253 | 248 | 238 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,409
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,705
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,104
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,740
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,528
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,451
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,511
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 964 | 0 | 4 |
| February | 762 | 0 | 18 |
| March | 567 | 3 | 84 |
| April | 286 | 19 | 224 |
| May | 78 | 125 | 513 |
| June | 3 | 345 | 792 |
| July | 0 | 504 | 969 |
| August | 0 | 456 | 921 |
| September | 35 | 215 | 631 |
| October | 236 | 38 | 297 |
| November | 576 | 1 | 68 |
| December | 902 | 0 | 8 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 12.7 km from Grant County. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00344573 (Jefferson 3SE). Public domain.