Pinnacle Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Pfafftown. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 9 and the first fall freeze around October 31, a growing season of about 204 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 21, first October 23
- Median at 32°F
- last April 9, first October 31
- Median at 28°F
- last March 28, first November 8
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 8 | May 1 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 8 |
| 32°F | Apr 23 | Apr 18 | Apr 15 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 25 |
| 28°F | Apr 12 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 25 | Mar 22 | Mar 18 | Mar 12 |
| 24°F | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 | Feb 28 |
| 20°F | Mar 23 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 26 | Feb 20 | Feb 12 |
| 16°F | Mar 14 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 24 | Feb 19 | Feb 13 | Feb 7 | Feb 1 | Jan 24 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 11 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 |
| 32°F | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Oct 31 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 11 |
| 28°F | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 24 |
| 24°F | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 8 |
| 20°F | Nov 15 | Nov 20 | Nov 25 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 6 | Dec 12 | Dec 20 | Dec 31 |
| 16°F | Nov 30 | Dec 4 | Dec 9 | Dec 14 | Dec 22 | Dec 27 | Jan 2 | Jan 8 | Jan 17 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 201 | 195 | 190 | 187 | 184 | 180 | 176 | 171 | 165 |
| 32°F | 224 | 217 | 213 | 208 | 204 | 200 | 196 | 191 | 185 |
| 28°F | 246 | 240 | 234 | 230 | 226 | 222 | 217 | 212 | 206 |
| 24°F | 273 | 265 | 259 | 253 | 248 | 243 | 239 | 234 | 227 |
| 20°F | 303 | 294 | 287 | 281 | 275 | 269 | 263 | 257 | 250 |
| 16°F | 336 | 327 | 318 | 311 | 305 | 299 | 293 | 285 | 274 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 99% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,036
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,382
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,879
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,442
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,176
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,091
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,163
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 857 | 0 | 10 |
| February | 705 | 0 | 14 |
| March | 549 | 2 | 69 |
| April | 263 | 14 | 228 |
| May | 88 | 107 | 485 |
| June | 5 | 273 | 718 |
| July | 0 | 412 | 877 |
| August | 0 | 363 | 827 |
| September | 36 | 180 | 594 |
| October | 233 | 30 | 277 |
| November | 522 | 1 | 64 |
| December | 778 | 0 | 13 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 20.1 km from Pinnacle. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00316686 (Pfafftown). Public domain.