Wakefield Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Bronx. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 1 and the first fall freeze around November 16, a growing season of about 230 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 11, first November 4
- Median at 32°F
- last April 1, first November 16
- Median at 28°F
- last March 23, first November 30
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 26 | Apr 20 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 |
| 32°F | Apr 12 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 3 | Apr 1 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 25 | Mar 19 |
| 28°F | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 23 | Mar 20 | Mar 16 | Mar 13 | Mar 8 |
| 24°F | Mar 26 | Mar 21 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 12 | Mar 9 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 23 |
| 20°F | Mar 18 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 5 | Mar 1 | Feb 26 | Feb 22 | Feb 14 | Feb 6 |
| 16°F | Mar 8 | Mar 2 | Feb 25 | Feb 20 | Feb 14 | Feb 9 | Feb 4 | Jan 30 | Jan 19 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 21 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 9 | Nov 14 | Nov 20 |
| 32°F | Nov 2 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Nov 30 | Dec 4 |
| 28°F | Nov 13 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 | Dec 2 | Dec 5 | Dec 9 | Dec 17 |
| 24°F | Nov 24 | Nov 29 | Dec 3 | Dec 6 | Dec 9 | Dec 15 | Dec 19 | Dec 23 | Dec 29 |
| 20°F | Dec 4 | Dec 10 | Dec 15 | Dec 21 | Dec 24 | Dec 28 | Jan 1 | Jan 5 | Jan 14 |
| 16°F | Dec 17 | Dec 24 | Dec 30 | Jan 1 | Jan 5 | Jan 9 | Jan 14 | Jan 18 | Jan 27 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 225 | 219 | 214 | 210 | 206 | 202 | 199 | 194 | 186 |
| 32°F | 250 | 243 | 238 | 233 | 230 | 226 | 222 | 217 | 211 |
| 28°F | 274 | 267 | 261 | 256 | 252 | 247 | 243 | 238 | 231 |
| 24°F | 297 | 289 | 283 | 278 | 273 | 269 | 263 | 258 | 251 |
| 20°F | 320 | 311 | 305 | 300 | 296 | 291 | 285 | 279 | 271 |
| 16°F | 346 | 334 | 328 | 322 | 316 | 310 | 305 | 300 | 292 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 97% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 4,583
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,278
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 6,440
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 5,096
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,914
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,888
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,012
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 976 | 0 | 4 |
| February | 822 | 0 | 4 |
| March | 699 | 0 | 29 |
| April | 375 | 12 | 148 |
| May | 113 | 65 | 417 |
| June | 13 | 241 | 678 |
| July | 0 | 414 | 879 |
| August | 1 | 361 | 824 |
| September | 24 | 162 | 588 |
| October | 232 | 23 | 271 |
| November | 520 | 1 | 60 |
| December | 808 | 0 | 13 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 6.8 km from Wakefield. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00300961 (Bronx). Public domain.