Cold Spring Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for West Point. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 10 and the first fall freeze around November 1, a growing season of about 204 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last April 23, first October 20
- Median at 32°F
- last April 10, first November 1
- Median at 28°F
- last April 2, first November 12
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 7 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 |
| 32°F | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 8 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 |
| 28°F | Apr 14 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 19 |
| 24°F | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 26 | Mar 23 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 13 | Mar 8 |
| 20°F | Mar 29 | Mar 25 | Mar 20 | Mar 17 | Mar 14 | Mar 11 | Mar 8 | Mar 5 | Feb 28 |
| 16°F | Mar 20 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 5 | Mar 2 | Feb 27 | Feb 22 | Feb 16 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 3 |
| 32°F | Oct 16 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 14 |
| 28°F | Oct 29 | Nov 2 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 27 |
| 24°F | Nov 8 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 21 | Nov 25 | Nov 28 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 9 |
| 20°F | Nov 22 | Nov 27 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 6 | Dec 9 | Dec 13 | Dec 18 | Dec 25 |
| 16°F | Dec 1 | Dec 5 | Dec 10 | Dec 14 | Dec 18 | Dec 22 | Dec 27 | Jan 1 | Jan 7 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 198 | 191 | 187 | 183 | 179 | 176 | 171 | 165 | 158 |
| 32°F | 221 | 215 | 210 | 207 | 204 | 200 | 196 | 191 | 183 |
| 28°F | 243 | 237 | 232 | 227 | 223 | 220 | 216 | 211 | 205 |
| 24°F | 266 | 259 | 253 | 250 | 246 | 242 | 237 | 232 | 224 |
| 20°F | 292 | 282 | 276 | 271 | 267 | 261 | 256 | 251 | 245 |
| 16°F | 310 | 303 | 297 | 293 | 288 | 282 | 277 | 271 | 264 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,575
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 928
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,551
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,346
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,283
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,355
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,567
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,139 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 962 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 823 | 0 | 15 |
| April | 443 | 7 | 108 |
| May | 167 | 44 | 346 |
| June | 27 | 172 | 596 |
| July | 1 | 320 | 784 |
| August | 4 | 270 | 732 |
| September | 65 | 105 | 491 |
| October | 335 | 9 | 180 |
| November | 647 | 0 | 28 |
| December | 964 | 0 | 3 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 3.3 km from Cold Spring. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00309292 (West Point). Public domain.