Black Rock Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Zuni. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 29 and the first fall freeze around October 2, a growing season of about 127 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last June 6, first September 25
- Median at 32°F
- last May 29, first October 2
- Median at 28°F
- last May 12, first October 10
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 21 | Jun 16 | Jun 12 | Jun 9 | Jun 6 | Jun 4 | Jun 2 | May 31 | May 24 |
| 32°F | Jun 13 | Jun 6 | Jun 3 | Jun 1 | May 29 | May 24 | May 19 | May 14 | May 9 |
| 28°F | Jun 4 | May 28 | May 21 | May 16 | May 12 | May 8 | May 4 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 |
| 24°F | May 25 | May 12 | May 6 | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 |
| 20°F | May 4 | Apr 29 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 3 | Mar 29 |
| 16°F | Apr 22 | Apr 14 | Apr 8 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 18 | Mar 13 | Mar 6 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 12 | Sep 17 | Sep 20 | Sep 23 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 |
| 32°F | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 |
| 28°F | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 |
| 24°F | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 | Nov 2 |
| 20°F | Oct 13 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 13 |
| 16°F | Oct 21 | Oct 29 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 125 | 119 | 115 | 111 | 108 | 104 | 100 | 95 | 89 |
| 32°F | 148 | 141 | 136 | 131 | 127 | 124 | 119 | 114 | 107 |
| 28°F | 170 | 164 | 158 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 140 | 134 | 126 |
| 24°F | 192 | 185 | 179 | 175 | 171 | 166 | 161 | 155 | 147 |
| 20°F | 220 | 210 | 204 | 200 | 195 | 190 | 184 | 177 | 170 |
| 16°F | 250 | 240 | 233 | 227 | 222 | 217 | 210 | 204 | 194 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,527
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 540
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,898
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,673
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,648
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,789
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,087
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,003 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 799 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 696 | 0 | 7 |
| April | 501 | 0 | 51 |
| May | 264 | 8 | 228 |
| June | 49 | 89 | 491 |
| July | 2 | 223 | 687 |
| August | 4 | 171 | 632 |
| September | 84 | 48 | 415 |
| October | 399 | 1 | 126 |
| November | 720 | 0 | 9 |
| December | 1,007 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 4.8 km from Black Rock. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USW00093044 (Zuni). Public domain.