Randolph Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Boonton 1 Se. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 17 and the first fall freeze around October 23, a growing season of about 189 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 1, first October 12
- Median at 32°F
- last April 17, first October 23
- Median at 28°F
- last April 4, first November 2
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 18 | May 11 | May 8 | May 5 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 |
| 32°F | May 5 | Apr 30 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 |
| 28°F | Apr 18 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 4 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 21 |
| 24°F | Apr 6 | Apr 2 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 25 | Mar 21 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 9 |
| 20°F | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 20 | Mar 18 | Mar 15 | Mar 12 | Mar 8 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 |
| 16°F | Mar 21 | Mar 16 | Mar 13 | Mar 9 | Mar 6 | Mar 2 | Feb 28 | Feb 23 | Feb 16 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 29 |
| 32°F | Oct 8 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 6 |
| 28°F | Oct 19 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Nov 1 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 12 | Nov 17 |
| 24°F | Oct 31 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 16 | Nov 20 | Nov 24 | Dec 1 |
| 20°F | Nov 10 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 4 | Dec 9 | Dec 18 |
| 16°F | Nov 20 | Nov 28 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 | Dec 11 | Dec 17 | Dec 22 | Dec 28 | Jan 5 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 186 | 178 | 174 | 169 | 166 | 161 | 157 | 151 | 145 |
| 32°F | 209 | 202 | 198 | 193 | 189 | 184 | 180 | 175 | 166 |
| 28°F | 231 | 225 | 220 | 216 | 212 | 208 | 204 | 199 | 192 |
| 24°F | 256 | 248 | 243 | 239 | 234 | 231 | 227 | 221 | 214 |
| 20°F | 281 | 273 | 267 | 262 | 258 | 253 | 248 | 242 | 235 |
| 16°F | 306 | 298 | 291 | 286 | 280 | 275 | 270 | 264 | 254 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 5,631
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 865
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,401
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,196
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,151
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,245
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,485
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,113 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 955 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 820 | 0 | 9 |
| April | 451 | 4 | 101 |
| May | 191 | 41 | 321 |
| June | 26 | 169 | 593 |
| July | 1 | 302 | 766 |
| August | 4 | 247 | 708 |
| September | 83 | 97 | 465 |
| October | 371 | 7 | 155 |
| November | 665 | 0 | 30 |
| December | 952 | 0 | 3 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 16.3 km from Randolph. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00280907 (Boonton 1 Se). Public domain.