McGill Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Mcgill. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 28 and the first fall freeze around September 24, a growing season of about 119 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last June 9, first September 16
- Median at 32°F
- last May 28, first September 24
- Median at 28°F
- last May 11, first October 4
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 27 | Jun 20 | Jun 16 | Jun 12 | Jun 9 | Jun 6 | Jun 3 | May 31 | May 24 |
| 32°F | Jun 13 | Jun 7 | Jun 4 | May 31 | May 28 | May 24 | May 21 | May 15 | May 10 |
| 28°F | Jun 2 | May 24 | May 19 | May 15 | May 11 | May 8 | May 4 | Apr 30 | Apr 25 |
| 24°F | May 15 | May 7 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 14 | Apr 8 |
| 20°F | May 1 | Apr 24 | Apr 18 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 23 |
| 16°F | Apr 12 | Apr 6 | Apr 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 19 | Mar 14 | Mar 9 | Mar 4 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 2 | Sep 7 | Sep 10 | Sep 13 | Sep 16 | Sep 18 | Sep 21 | Sep 23 | Sep 26 |
| 32°F | Sep 11 | Sep 16 | Sep 20 | Sep 22 | Sep 24 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 6 |
| 28°F | Sep 22 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 |
| 24°F | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 28 |
| 20°F | Oct 8 | Oct 13 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 7 |
| 16°F | Oct 18 | Oct 24 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 11 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 114 | 108 | 104 | 100 | 96 | 93 | 89 | 84 | 76 |
| 32°F | 140 | 134 | 128 | 123 | 119 | 114 | 110 | 105 | 98 |
| 28°F | 168 | 160 | 155 | 150 | 147 | 143 | 138 | 131 | 122 |
| 24°F | 191 | 184 | 179 | 175 | 171 | 166 | 162 | 156 | 149 |
| 20°F | 220 | 211 | 205 | 200 | 196 | 191 | 186 | 180 | 171 |
| 16°F | 249 | 241 | 234 | 229 | 224 | 219 | 213 | 206 | 198 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,754
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 454
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,248
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,169
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,269
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,526
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 921
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,145 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 955 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 819 | 0 | 7 |
| April | 611 | 0 | 36 |
| May | 378 | 6 | 161 |
| June | 121 | 63 | 399 |
| July | 11 | 195 | 649 |
| August | 15 | 163 | 614 |
| September | 169 | 27 | 322 |
| October | 524 | 1 | 74 |
| November | 851 | 0 | 7 |
| December | 1,156 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 1.1 km from McGill. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00264950 (Mcgill). Public domain.