Howells Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Howells. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 25 and the first fall freeze around October 11, a growing season of about 168 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 4, first October 1
- Median at 32°F
- last April 25, first October 11
- Median at 28°F
- last April 16, first October 21
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 17 | May 12 | May 9 | May 6 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 21 |
| 32°F | May 8 | May 3 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 23 | Apr 20 | Apr 17 | Apr 13 |
| 28°F | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 |
| 24°F | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 10 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 22 |
| 20°F | Apr 14 | Apr 8 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 30 | Mar 27 | Mar 22 | Mar 17 | Mar 11 |
| 16°F | Apr 4 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 22 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 2 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 16 | Sep 22 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 |
| 32°F | Sep 25 | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 15 | Oct 17 | Oct 21 | Oct 25 |
| 28°F | Oct 3 | Oct 10 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 21 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 2 |
| 24°F | Oct 16 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 13 |
| 20°F | Oct 24 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 25 |
| 16°F | Nov 1 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 16 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 3 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 166 | 160 | 156 | 152 | 149 | 145 | 142 | 137 | 130 |
| 32°F | 185 | 180 | 176 | 172 | 168 | 164 | 159 | 155 | 148 |
| 28°F | 206 | 198 | 194 | 189 | 186 | 182 | 178 | 174 | 167 |
| 24°F | 225 | 218 | 213 | 209 | 204 | 200 | 196 | 191 | 183 |
| 20°F | 244 | 237 | 231 | 227 | 222 | 218 | 213 | 207 | 200 |
| 16°F | 265 | 257 | 250 | 246 | 242 | 236 | 231 | 225 | 217 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,319
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,004
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 5,507
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 4,359
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 3,335
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 2,429
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,652
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,291 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,062 | 0 | 2 |
| March | 815 | 1 | 36 |
| April | 463 | 7 | 118 |
| May | 180 | 68 | 367 |
| June | 23 | 230 | 657 |
| July | 5 | 328 | 789 |
| August | 9 | 248 | 704 |
| September | 97 | 107 | 464 |
| October | 401 | 15 | 174 |
| November | 798 | 0 | 24 |
| December | 1,176 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.8 km from Howells. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00254035 (Howells). Public domain.