Chappell Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Chappell. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 8 and the first fall freeze around October 5, a growing season of about 149 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 19, first September 26
- Median at 32°F
- last May 8, first October 5
- Median at 28°F
- last April 28, first October 14
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 3 | May 29 | May 24 | May 21 | May 19 | May 16 | May 13 | May 10 | May 6 |
| 32°F | May 21 | May 16 | May 13 | May 10 | May 8 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 24 |
| 28°F | May 11 | May 7 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 17 | Apr 12 |
| 24°F | May 2 | Apr 27 | Apr 23 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Mar 31 |
| 20°F | Apr 22 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 30 | Mar 25 | Mar 20 |
| 16°F | Apr 12 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 21 | Mar 17 | Mar 12 | Mar 6 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 11 | Sep 17 | Sep 20 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 |
| 32°F | Sep 20 | Sep 26 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 |
| 28°F | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 16 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 |
| 24°F | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 |
| 20°F | Oct 16 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 13 |
| 16°F | Oct 22 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 147 | 141 | 137 | 133 | 130 | 126 | 121 | 116 | 109 |
| 32°F | 165 | 160 | 156 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 142 | 137 | 131 |
| 28°F | 187 | 180 | 175 | 172 | 168 | 165 | 160 | 156 | 149 |
| 24°F | 208 | 201 | 196 | 192 | 187 | 183 | 178 | 174 | 168 |
| 20°F | 228 | 221 | 215 | 211 | 206 | 202 | 198 | 193 | 185 |
| 16°F | 249 | 242 | 235 | 231 | 226 | 220 | 216 | 210 | 201 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 6,660
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 708
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,804
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,700
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,743
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,932
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 1,255
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,195 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,020 | 0 | 2 |
| March | 837 | 0 | 16 |
| April | 555 | 1 | 66 |
| May | 282 | 26 | 252 |
| June | 56 | 125 | 520 |
| July | 6 | 278 | 737 |
| August | 17 | 217 | 665 |
| September | 140 | 59 | 378 |
| October | 511 | 2 | 98 |
| November | 861 | 0 | 9 |
| December | 1,181 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.1 km from Chappell. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00251602 (Chappell). Public domain.