Stanford Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Stanford. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 25 and the first fall freeze around September 21, a growing season of about 118 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last June 12, first September 9
- Median at 32°F
- last May 25, first September 21
- Median at 28°F
- last May 10, first October 1
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jul 7 | Jun 28 | Jun 21 | Jun 16 | Jun 12 | Jun 8 | Jun 4 | May 31 | May 26 |
| 32°F | Jun 15 | Jun 6 | May 31 | May 28 | May 25 | May 22 | May 19 | May 15 | May 10 |
| 28°F | May 25 | May 19 | May 15 | May 12 | May 10 | May 7 | May 4 | May 1 | Apr 27 |
| 24°F | May 11 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 26 | Apr 22 | Apr 17 | Apr 11 |
| 20°F | May 3 | Apr 28 | Apr 24 | Apr 20 | Apr 16 | Apr 13 | Apr 9 | Apr 4 | Mar 31 |
| 16°F | Apr 25 | Apr 19 | Apr 13 | Apr 10 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 26 | Mar 18 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Aug 22 | Aug 29 | Sep 2 | Sep 5 | Sep 9 | Sep 12 | Sep 16 | Sep 20 | Sep 23 |
| 32°F | Sep 6 | Sep 11 | Sep 15 | Sep 18 | Sep 21 | Sep 24 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 3 |
| 28°F | Sep 17 | Sep 23 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 15 |
| 24°F | Sep 25 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 5 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 25 |
| 20°F | Oct 1 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 30 | Nov 5 |
| 16°F | Oct 7 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 13 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 110 | 102 | 97 | 91 | 86 | 81 | 74 | 67 | 58 |
| 32°F | 137 | 132 | 127 | 122 | 118 | 114 | 108 | 102 | 91 |
| 28°F | 160 | 155 | 151 | 147 | 143 | 140 | 136 | 131 | 123 |
| 24°F | 186 | 178 | 173 | 168 | 164 | 160 | 155 | 150 | 143 |
| 20°F | 209 | 201 | 194 | 189 | 184 | 179 | 173 | 168 | 160 |
| 16°F | 228 | 220 | 213 | 207 | 203 | 197 | 191 | 184 | 175 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,671
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 278
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,641
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,616
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 1,777
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,109
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 611
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,186 | 0 | 1 |
| February | 1,062 | 0 | 2 |
| March | 950 | 0 | 7 |
| April | 690 | 0 | 25 |
| May | 449 | 2 | 112 |
| June | 213 | 19 | 266 |
| July | 58 | 118 | 526 |
| August | 70 | 110 | 508 |
| September | 258 | 26 | 250 |
| October | 621 | 2 | 68 |
| November | 929 | 0 | 12 |
| December | 1,186 | 0 | 1 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.5 km from Stanford. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00247864 (Stanford). Public domain.