Shepherd Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Huntley Exp Stn. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around May 12 and the first fall freeze around September 25, a growing season of about 136 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 25, first September 14
- Median at 32°F
- last May 12, first September 25
- Median at 28°F
- last April 30, first October 4
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Jun 10 | Jun 4 | Jun 1 | May 29 | May 25 | May 23 | May 20 | May 17 | May 13 |
| 32°F | May 26 | May 20 | May 17 | May 15 | May 12 | May 10 | May 8 | May 5 | Apr 30 |
| 28°F | May 14 | May 9 | May 6 | May 3 | Apr 30 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 15 |
| 24°F | May 2 | Apr 28 | Apr 25 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 |
| 20°F | Apr 23 | Apr 17 | Apr 12 | Apr 9 | Apr 6 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 27 | Mar 20 |
| 16°F | Apr 12 | Apr 7 | Apr 3 | Mar 31 | Mar 28 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 14 | Mar 8 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 1 | Sep 6 | Sep 9 | Sep 12 | Sep 14 | Sep 18 | Sep 20 | Sep 24 | Sep 29 |
| 32°F | Sep 13 | Sep 18 | Sep 20 | Sep 23 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 |
| 28°F | Sep 23 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 |
| 24°F | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 9 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 20 | Oct 25 | Oct 29 |
| 20°F | Oct 8 | Oct 14 | Oct 18 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 9 |
| 16°F | Oct 16 | Oct 22 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 9 | Nov 14 | Nov 20 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 128 | 123 | 119 | 115 | 111 | 108 | 103 | 98 | 91 |
| 32°F | 153 | 146 | 142 | 139 | 136 | 132 | 128 | 123 | 117 |
| 28°F | 176 | 168 | 164 | 160 | 157 | 153 | 150 | 145 | 138 |
| 24°F | 200 | 193 | 187 | 182 | 178 | 175 | 170 | 166 | 158 |
| 20°F | 221 | 215 | 209 | 205 | 200 | 195 | 190 | 185 | 176 |
| 16°F | 243 | 234 | 228 | 222 | 218 | 213 | 207 | 201 | 193 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 7,355
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 483
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 4,205
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 3,154
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 2,263
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 1,523
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 932
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,291 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,071 | 0 | 1 |
| March | 901 | 0 | 8 |
| April | 595 | 1 | 49 |
| May | 336 | 9 | 188 |
| June | 110 | 59 | 402 |
| July | 21 | 207 | 651 |
| August | 36 | 170 | 599 |
| September | 209 | 36 | 299 |
| October | 600 | 2 | 63 |
| November | 935 | 0 | 4 |
| December | 1,251 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 7.8 km from Shepherd. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00244345 (Huntley Exp Stn). Public domain.