Dillon Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for Dillon U Of Montana Western. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around June 5 and the first fall freeze around September 13, a growing season of about 98 days.
- Median at 32°F
- last June 5, first September 13
- Median at 28°F
- last May 16, first September 25
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32°F | Jun 23 | Jun 18 | Jun 13 | Jun 9 | Jun 5 | Jun 2 | May 29 | May 24 | May 18 |
| 28°F | Jun 3 | May 26 | May 22 | May 18 | May 16 | May 13 | May 10 | May 7 | May 3 |
| 24°F | May 18 | May 14 | May 10 | May 7 | May 5 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 26 | Apr 20 |
| 20°F | May 7 | May 2 | Apr 29 | Apr 25 | Apr 21 | Apr 18 | Apr 14 | Apr 11 | Apr 6 |
| 16°F | Apr 23 | Apr 16 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 2 | Mar 29 | Mar 24 | Mar 16 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32°F | Aug 29 | Sep 3 | Sep 7 | Sep 10 | Sep 13 | Sep 16 | Sep 19 | Sep 22 | Sep 27 |
| 28°F | Sep 9 | Sep 14 | Sep 18 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 |
| 24°F | Sep 19 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 15 | Oct 20 |
| 20°F | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Nov 2 |
| 16°F | Oct 8 | Oct 15 | Oct 19 | Oct 23 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 6 | Nov 13 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 86 | 79 | 74 | 69 | 65 | 61 | 55 | 48 | 39 |
| 32°F | 121 | 112 | 107 | 102 | 98 | 93 | 88 | 82 | 74 |
| 28°F | 150 | 144 | 138 | 133 | 130 | 126 | 121 | 116 | 108 |
| 24°F | 173 | 166 | 161 | 157 | 153 | 149 | 145 | 141 | 133 |
| 20°F | 200 | 191 | 185 | 181 | 176 | 172 | 168 | 162 | 155 |
| 16°F | 230 | 220 | 214 | 208 | 203 | 198 | 192 | 186 | 179 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 8,176
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 116
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 3,172
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 2,231
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 1,461
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 844
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 392
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1,274 | 0 | 0 |
| February | 1,085 | 0 | 0 |
| March | 955 | 0 | 1 |
| April | 710 | 0 | 13 |
| May | 458 | 1 | 96 |
| June | 233 | 8 | 237 |
| July | 58 | 66 | 473 |
| August | 93 | 37 | 412 |
| September | 302 | 4 | 190 |
| October | 671 | 0 | 38 |
| November | 1,016 | 0 | 1 |
| December | 1,321 | 0 | 0 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 0.8 km from Dillon. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00242409 (Dillon U Of Montana Western). Public domain.